Conways_life_game.py

"""
Conway's Game of Life
The "game" is a zero-player game, meaning that its evolution is determined by its initial state, requiring no further input.
At each step in time, the following transitions occur:
1. Any live cell with fewer than two live neighbours dies, as if caused by underpopulation.
2. Any live cell with two or three live neighbours lives on to the next generation.
3. Any live cell with more than three live neighbours dies, as if by overpopulation.
4. Any dead cell with exactly three live neighbours becomes a live cell, as if by reproduction.
"""

import pygame, sys, time
import numpy as np
from pygame.locals import *

#The WIDTH and HEIGHT of the game
WIDTH = 80
HEIGHT = 40

#The global vairable for detecting the click button
pygame.button_down = False

# The world map
pygame.world=np.zeros((HEIGHT,WIDTH))

# Draw cell
class Cell(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    
    size = 10

    def __init__(self, position):

        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)

        self.image = pygame.Surface([self.size, self.size])

        # fill white
        self.image.fill((255,255,255))

        # 创建一个以左上角为锚点的矩形
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.topleft = position

#绘图函数，注意到我们是把画布重置了再遍历整个世界地图，因此有很大的性能提升空间
def draw():
    screen.fill((0,0,0))
    for sp_col in range(pygame.world.shape[1]):
        for sp_row in range(pygame.world.shape[0]):
            if pygame.world[sp_row][sp_col]:
                new_cell = Cell((sp_col * Cell.size,sp_row * Cell.size))
                screen.blit(new_cell.image,new_cell.rect)
                
#根据细胞更新规则更新地图
def next_generation():
    nbrs_count = sum(np.roll(np.roll(pygame.world, i, 0), j, 1)
                 for i in (-1, 0, 1) for j in (-1, 0, 1)
                 if (i != 0 or j != 0))

    pygame.world = (nbrs_count == 3) | ((pygame.world == 1) & (nbrs_count == 2)).astype('int')

#地图初始化
def init():
    pygame.world.fill(0)
    draw()
    return 'Stop'

#停止时的操作
def stop():
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
        
        if event.type == KEYDOWN and event.key == K_RETURN:
            return 'Move'
        
        if event.type == KEYDOWN and event.key == K_r:
            return 'Reset'

        if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            pygame.button_down = True
            pygame.button_type = event.button
        
        if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONUP:
            pygame.button_down = False

        if pygame.button_down:
            mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

            sp_col = mouse_x / Cell.size;
            sp_row = mouse_y / Cell.size;

            if pygame.button_type == 1: #鼠标左键
                pygame.world[sp_row][sp_col] = 1
            elif pygame.button_type == 3: #鼠标右键
                pygame.world[sp_row][sp_col] = 0
            draw()

    return 'Stop'

#计时器，控制帧率
pygame.clock_start = 0


#进行演化时的操作
def move():
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
        if event.type == KEYDOWN and event.key == K_SPACE:
            return 'Stop'
        if event.type == KEYDOWN and event.key == K_r:
            return 'Reset'
        if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            pygame.button_down = True
            pygame.button_type = event.button
        
        if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONUP:
            pygame.button_down = False

        if pygame.button_down:
            mouse_x, mouse_y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

            sp_col = mouse_x / Cell.size;
            sp_row = mouse_y / Cell.size;

            if pygame.button_type == 1:
                pygame.world[sp_row][sp_col] = 1
            elif pygame.button_type == 3:
                pygame.world[sp_row][sp_col] = 0
            draw()

        
    if time.clock() - pygame.clock_start > 0.02:
        next_generation()
        draw()
        pygame.clock_start = time.clock()

    return 'Move'



if __name__ == '__main__':

    #状态机对应三种状态，初始化，停止，进行
    state_actions = {
            'Reset': init,
            'Stop': stop,
            'Move': move
        }
    state = 'Reset'

    pygame.init()
    pygame.display.set_caption('Conway\'s Game of Life')

    screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH * Cell.size, HEIGHT * Cell.size))
    
    while True: # 游戏主循环

        state = state_actions[state]()
        pygame.display.update()