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{
"version": "https://jsonfeed.org/version/1",
"title": "UniStart's Blog",
"subtitle": "心在哪里，家在哪里",
"icon": "https://unistart2.github.io/images/favicon.ico",
"description": "个人博客",
"home_page_url": "https://unistart2.github.io",
"items": [
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/dbb457de/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/dbb457de/",
"title": "Rails学习-使用turbo-rails时的一些问题",
"date_published": "2024-03-29T04:53:50.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><div class=\"note primary\">\n<p><code>Rails7</code> 开始默认使用 <code>importmap</code> 作为 <code>javascript</code> 依赖的管理工具（类似于 npm）</p>\n</div>\n<details class=\"danger\"><summary>遇到的问题</summary><div>\n<ol>\n<li>生成的项目工程目录下的 bin 目录中没有 importmap 命令</li>\n<li>turbo-rails 貌似没有被引入项目中（直接创建项目工程后没有进行相关配置）</li>\n</ol>\n</div></details>\n<h2 id=\"安装turbo-rails\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#安装turbo-rails\">#</a> 安装 turbo-rails</h2>\n<ol>\n<li>安装 importmap</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># step1. 安装 importmap</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>bin/rails·importmap:install</pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>上述命令，主要会生成 <code>bin/importmap</code> 、 <code>config/importmap.rb</code> 、 <code>app/javascript/application.js</code> 文件</p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>通过 importmap 引入 turbo</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># step2. 使用 importmap 管理 turbo 依赖</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>bin/importmap·pin·@hotwired/turbo</pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>执行上述命令后， <code>Rails</code> 会自动往 <code>config/importmap.rb</code> 文件中加入依赖名称，并在 <code>app/javascript/application.js</code> 文件中导入 <code>turbo-rails</code></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>config/importmap.rb</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># Pin npm packages by running ./bin/importmap</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>pin <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"application\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre>pin <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"@hotwired/turbo-rails\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">to</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"turbo.min.js\"</span></span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>app/javascript/application.js</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">// Configure your import map in config/importmap.rb. Read more: https://github.com/rails/importmap-rails</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token string\">\"@hotwired/turbo-rails\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"3\">\n<li>安装 turbo</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># step3 </span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>bin/rails·turbo:install</pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"使用turbo-rails\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#使用turbo-rails\">#</a> 使用 turbo-rails</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>使用 <code>turbo_confirm</code> 代替原先的 <code>confirm</code> ，例如：<br />\n<%= button_to "Empty cart", cart, method: :delete, form: { data: { turbo_confirm: "Are you sure?" } } %></p>\n</blockquote>\n<p>生成的 HTML 代码如下</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight html\"><figcaption data-lang=\"HTML\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>form</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">data-turbo-confirm</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>Are you sure?<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">class</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>button_to<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">method</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>post<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">action</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>/carts/20<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>input</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">type</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>hidden<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">name</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>_method<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">value</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>delete<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">autocomplete</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>off<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>button</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">type</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>submit<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>Empty cart<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>button</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>input</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">type</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>hidden<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">name</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>authenticity_token<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">value</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>cxmrMyiULbRE9a3PrKRdSaFz90lhI7BnuQ45asjQjITJMsx-5186VueizTPDYklStOYWCtwSy_tRuc9mttDKOQ<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">autocomplete</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>off<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>form</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><details class=\"info\"><summary>效果</summary><div>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://img2.imgtp.com/2024/03/29/k141zI4Z.png\" alt=\"效果\" /></p>\n</div></details>\n<div class=\"note primary\">\n<p>关于 <code>Rails7+</code> 版本中使用 <code>importmap</code> ，可以参考<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmFwcHNpZ25hbC5jb20vMjAyMi8wMy8wMi9pbXBvcnQtbWFwcy11bmRlci10aGUtaG9vZC1pbi1yYWlscy03Lmh0bWw=\"> Import Maps Under the Hood in Rails 7</span> 这篇文章</p>\n</div>\n",
"tags": [
"Rails",
"Ruby",
"Rails"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/2fb1a3c3/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/2fb1a3c3/",
"title": "Rails学习-迁移方法",
"date_published": "2024-03-25T08:32:28.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><h2 id=\"change方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#change方法\">#</a> change 方法</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Rails 用于匹配迁移名称的两个模式分别是： <code>add_xxx_to_xxxTable</code> 和 <code>remove_xxx_from_xxxTable</code> ，<br />\n其中 <code>xxx</code> 的值会被忽略掉，<ins class=\"dot\">迁移名称之后的字段名和类型列表才是 Rails 获取字段信息的地方</ins></p>\n</blockquote>\n<ol>\n<li>添加字段</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 创建添加 quantity 字段到 line_items 表的迁移</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># add_quantity_to_line_items 是迁移名称，并告诉 Rails 需要添加字段的表名，</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># quantity:integer 告诉 Rails 添加的字段名称和类型，这样就会自动生成 add_column 那一行</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre>bin/rails generate migration add_quantity_to_line_items quantity:integer</pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>生成的迁移文件如下：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AddQuantityToLineItems</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> ActiveRecord<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>Migration<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">change</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> add_column <span class=\"token symbol\">:line_items</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">:quantity</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">:integer</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"2\">\n<li>移除字段（和添加字段类似）</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>bin/rails g migration remove_quantity_from_line_items quantity:integer</pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>生成的迁移文件如下：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">RemoveQuantityFromLineItems</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> ActiveRecord<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>Migration<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">change</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> remove_column <span class=\"token symbol\">:line_items</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">:quantity</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">:integer</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>可以使用 <code>up</code> 和 <code>down</code> 方法以传统风格编写迁移而不使用 <code>change</code> 方法。<br />\n <code>up</code> 方法用于描述对数据库模式所做的改变， <code>down</code> 方法用于撤销 <code>up</code> 方法所做的改变。<br />\n换句话说，如果调用 <code>up</code> 方法之后紧接着调用 <code>down</code> 方法，数据库模式不会发生任何改变。<br />\n例如用 <code>up</code> 方法创建数据表，就应该用 <code>down</code> 方法删除这个数据表。<br />\n在 <code>down</code> 方法中撤销迁移时，明智的做法是按照和 <code>up</code> 方法中操作相反的顺序执行操作。</p>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"up方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#up方法\">#</a> up 方法</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>用于对数据库模式做修改<br />\n执行 <code>bin/rails db:migrate</code> 命令时会被调用执行</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 生成一个迁移文件用于测试</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>bin/rails g migration something</pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>添加 up 方法</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Something</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> ActiveRecord<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>Migration<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 记得删除默认生成的空的 change 方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 创建一个表</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">up</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> create_table <span class=\"token symbol\">:people</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>t<span class=\"token operator\">|</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>string <span class=\"token symbol\">:name</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>integer <span class=\"token symbol\">:age</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>timestamps</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 查看迁移状态</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>bin/rails db:migrate:status</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 输出如下：</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>database: db/development.sqlite3</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> Status Migration ID Migration Name</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre>--------------------------------------------------</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240316032753</span> Create products</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240320055343</span> Create carts</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240320060656</span> Create line items</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240323132057</span> Add quantity to line items</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240323133840</span> Combine items <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> cart</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> down <span class=\"token number\">20240325092635</span> Something</pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>此时数据库中还没有 people 这张表，执行迁移后，就会生成</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>bin/rails db:migrate</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 输出如下：</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">20240325092635</span> Something: migrating <span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre>-- create_table<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>:people<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> -<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span>.0022s</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">20240325092635</span> Something: migrated <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span>.0023s<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>执行迁移后，查看迁移状态，发现变为 up 状态了</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>bin/rails db:migrate:status</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 输出如下：</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre>database: db/development.sqlite3</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> Status Migration ID Migration Name</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre>--------------------------------------------------</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240316032753</span> Create products</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240320055343</span> Create carts</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240320060656</span> Create line items</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240323132057</span> Add quantity to line items</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240323133840</span> Combine items <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> cart</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240325092635</span> Something</pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"down方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#down方法\">#</a> down 方法</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>用于撤销之前的 up 操作对数据库模式的修改<br />\n执行 <code>bin/rails db:rollback</code> 命令时会被调用执行</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Something</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> ActiveRecord<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>Migration<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 省略之前的 up 方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">...</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 删除 up 创建的表</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">down</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> drop_table <span class=\"token symbol\">:people</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>撤销之前的建表操作</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>bin/rails db:rollback</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 输出如下：</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">20240325092635</span> Something: reverting <span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>-- drop_table<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>:people<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> -<span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span>.0017s</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">20240325092635</span> Something: reverted <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span>.0017s<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">==</span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>再次查看迁移状态，发现变为 down 状态了</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>bin/rails db:migrate:status</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>database: db/development.sqlite3</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> Status Migration ID Migration Name</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre>--------------------------------------------------</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240316032753</span> Create products</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240320055343</span> Create carts</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240320060656</span> Create line items</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240323132057</span> Add quantity to line items</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> up <span class=\"token number\">20240323133840</span> Combine items <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> cart</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> down <span class=\"token number\">20240325092635</span> Something</pre></td></tr></table></figure>",
"tags": [
"Rails",
"Ruby",
"Rails"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/e552de99/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/e552de99/",
"title": "Rails学习-cache缓存",
"date_published": "2024-03-20T02:24:51.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><h2 id=\"启用或禁用cache\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#启用或禁用cache\">#</a> 启用或禁用 cache</h2>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>bin/rails dev:cache <span class=\"token comment\">#=> Development mode is now being cached.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 再次执行上述命令会禁用缓存</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"在模版中使用cache方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#在模版中使用cache方法\">#</a> 在模版中使用 cache 方法</h2>\n<ol>\n<li>将原先的代码逻辑包裹在 cache 方法的代码块中。</li>\n<li>当数据发生变化的时候，Rails 会自动进行处理（包括缓存的存储、失效等问题）。</li>\n<li>当 Rails 使用缓存数据的时候，服务器的输出信息中会看到 <code>Read fragment</code> 字样。</li>\n<li>如果数据发生了变化，服务器输出信息中会看到多行 <code>Read fragment</code> 字样，同时有一行或多行 <code>Write fragment</code> 字样。</li>\n<li>缓存数据触发更新的条件：待渲染数据对应的数据库表中的 <code>updated_at</code> 字段的值发生了变化，也就是说在更新数据时，如果该记录的 updated_at 字段没有更新，那么之后渲染的数据仍然是之前缓存的旧数据。</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">%# 缓存@products实例变量中的数据，这是一个产品列表 %></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><% cache @products do %></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <% @products.each do |product| %></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <%#</span></span> 缓存<span class=\"token variable\">@product</span>实例变量中的数据 <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">%></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <% cache product do %></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>div <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"entry\"</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token operator\">%=</span> image_tag<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>product<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>image_url<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">%></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <h3></span></span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token operator\">%=</span> product<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>title <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">%></h3></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token operator\">%=</span> sanitize<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>product<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>description<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">%></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <div class=\"price_line\"></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token operator\">%</span><span class=\"token comment\"># 利用 Rails 提供的 number_to_currency 对价格进行国际化显示 %></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>span <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"price\"</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token operator\">%=</span> number_to_currency<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>product<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>price<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">unit</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"$\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">%></span></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token operator\">/</span>div<span class=\"token operator\">></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token operator\">/</span>div<span class=\"token operator\">></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token operator\">%</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">%></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <% end %></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token operator\">%</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span> <span class=\"token operator\">%</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span></pre></td></tr></table></figure>",
"tags": [
"Rails",
"Ruby",
"Rails"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/f68966e2/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/f68966e2/",
"title": "Ruby元编程（四）",
"date_published": "2023-10-14T03:34:19.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>参考书籍《Ruby 元编程（第二版）》<br />\nRuby 版本：书上使用的是 2.x，自己使用的 3.1.2</p>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"类定义的本质\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#类定义的本质\">#</a> 类定义的本质</h2>\n<div class=\"note primary\">\n<p>在 ruby 中类不过是增强的模块，因此对类的相关内容也适用于模块</p>\n</div>\n<h3 id=\"当前类\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#当前类\">#</a> 当前类</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>不管处在 ruby 程序的那个位置，总存在一个当前对象：self。同样，也总是存在一个当前类（或模块）存在。</p>\n<ul>\n<li>在程序的顶层，当前类是 Object，也就是 main 对象所属的类（也是为什么在顶层定义的方法会成为 Object 的实例方法的原因）</li>\n<li>在一个方法中，当前类就是当前对象的类。（试着在一个方法中用 def 关键字定义另外一个方法，会发现新方法定义在 self 所属的类中。）</li>\n</ul>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">C</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">m1</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">m2</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">D</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token constant\">C</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre>obj <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">D</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>m1</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token constant\">C</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>instance_methods<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [:m1, :m2]</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>用 class 关键字打开类时（或用 module 关键字打开模块时），这个类成为当前类</p>\n</div>\n<h3 id=\"class_eval方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#class_eval方法\">#</a> class_eval 方法</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>如何在不知道类名字的情况下打开一个类？<br />\n比如：想要设计一个以类为参数的方法，给这个类添加一个新的实例方法</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">add_method_to</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_class<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># TODO：在 a_class 上定义方法 m ()</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>可以使用 class_eval 方法：它会在一个已存在类的上下文中执行一个块</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">add_method_to</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_class<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> a_class<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>class_eval <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">m</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'Hello class_eval method'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre>add_method_to<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token builtin\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'abc'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>m <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"Hello class_eval method\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"类实例变量\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#类实例变量\">#</a> 类实例变量</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ruby 解释器假定所有实例变量都属于当前对象 self，在类定义时也是如此：</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token variable\">@my_var</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>在类定义的时候，self 角色由类本身担任，因此实例变量 @my_var 属于这个类。注意：类的实例变量 和 类的对象的实例变量是不同的。<br />\n注意区分：类变量 和 类的实例变量<br />\n @@开头的是类变量，可以被子类或者类的实例使用；@开头的是类的实例变量，只能被类本身使用（类本身也是一个对象 ——Class 类的实例对象）</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token variable\">@my_var</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># MyClass 类的实例变量</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">read</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token variable\">@my_var</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">write</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token variable\">@my_var</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">read</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token variable\">@my_var</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre>obj <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>read <span class=\"token comment\">#=> nil 因为 obj 对象上此时还没有 @my_var 实例变量</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>write</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>read <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre>MyClass<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>read <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 1 这里返回的是 MyClass 类本身的实例变量</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"单件方法和单件类\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#单件方法和单件类\">#</a> 单件方法和单件类</h2>\n<h3 id=\"单件方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#单件方法\">#</a> 单件方法</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ruby 允许给单个对象增加一个方法：例如：</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>str <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'just a regular string'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 只在 str 这个变量上添加了 title? 方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token class-name\">str</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">title</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> upcase <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre>str<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>title<span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> false</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre>str<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>methods<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>grep<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token regex-literal\"><span class=\"token regex\">/title?/</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [:title?]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre>str<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>singleton_methods <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [:title?]</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id=\"类方法的真相\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#类方法的真相\">#</a> 类方法的真相</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>类本身也是对象（Class 类的实例），而类名只是一个常量。因此，类方法的实质就是：它是类的一个单件方法。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<p>用 def 定义单件方法多的语法总是如下：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token class-name\">object</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">method</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 方法主体</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>上面定义中，object 可以是对象的引用、常量类名或者 self。在这三种形式下，定义的语法看起来有些不同，但实际上，底层机制是一样的。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<h3 id=\"单件类\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#单件类\">#</a> 单件类</h3>\n<div class=\"note info\">\n<p>单件类也成为元类、本征类</p>\n</div>\n<h4 id=\"如何获取单件类\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#如何获取单件类\">#</a> 如何获取单件类</h4>\n<ol>\n<li>方式一：通过 <code>class << object</code> 语法</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> an_object</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 自定义代码</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 如果像获得这个单件类的引用，可以在离开作用域的时候返回 self：</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>obj <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre>singleton_class <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> obj</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre>singleton_class<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> Class</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"2\">\n<li>方式二：直接用 <code>obj.singleton_class</code> 方法</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>singleton_class <span class=\"token comment\">#=> #<Class:#<Object:0x0000000001d0d760>></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">## 上述的例子说明单件类也是类（一种特殊的类）。同时每个单件类只有一个实例，而且不能被继承。最重要的是单件类是对象的单件方法存活之所（类方法实际就是一个单件方法）：</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token class-name\">obj</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">my_singleton_method</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>singleton_class<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>instance_methods<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>grep<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token regex-literal\"><span class=\"token regex\">/my_singleton_method/</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [:my_singleton_method]</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"方法查找补充\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#方法查找补充\">#</a> 方法查找补充</h2>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">C</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">a_method</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'C#a_method'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">D</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token constant\">C</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre>obj <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">D</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>a_method <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"C#a_method\"</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">## 在 obj 上定义一个单件方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> obj</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">a_singleton_method</span></span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'obj#a_singleton_method'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># obj 单件类的父类是 D</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>singleton_class<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>superclass <span class=\"token comment\">#=> D</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>因此如果对象有单件类，ruby 不是从对象所在的类开始查找，而是从对象的单件类开始查找方法。如果在单件类中找不到这个方法，那么它会沿着祖先链向上查找。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<h2 id=\"类扩展和对象扩展\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#类扩展和对象扩展\">#</a> 类扩展和对象扩展</h2>\n<h3 id=\"类扩展\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#类扩展\">#</a> 类扩展</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyModule</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">my_method</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'hello'</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">include</span> MyModule</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre>MyClass<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>my_method <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"hello\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id=\"对象扩展\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#对象扩展\">#</a> 对象扩展</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyModule</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">my_method</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'MyModule#my_method'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre>obj <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><<</span> obj</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">include</span> MyModule</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>my_method <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"MyModule#my_method\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id=\"扩展的简化形式\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#扩展的简化形式\">#</a> 扩展的简化形式</h3>\n<p>Object#extend 方法</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyModule</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">my_method</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'hello'</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>obj <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Object</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">extend</span> MyModule</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>my_method <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"hello\"</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">extend</span> MyModule</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre>MyClass<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>my_method <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"hello\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"方法包装器\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#方法包装器\">#</a> 方法包装器</h2>\n<h3 id=\"方法别名\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#方法别名\">#</a> 方法别名</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>ruby 中可以 alias_method 给一个方法取一个别名，一个参数是新名称，第二个参数是原始名称</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">my_method</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'my_method'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">alias</span> m my_method</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre>obj <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>my_method <span class=\"token comment\"># => \"my_method\"</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>m <span class=\"token comment\"># => \"my_method\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note primary\">\n<p>除此之外 ruby 还提供了 alias 关键字，可以代替 Module#alias_method 方法（当你需要在顶级作用域进行修改时使用，因为此时 Module#alias_method 不可用）</p>\n</div>\n<blockquote>\n<p>如果给一个方法起个别名，然后又重新定义它，会怎么样？</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">String</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">alias</span> real_length length</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">length</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> real_length <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span> <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'long'</span></span> <span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'short'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'War and Peace'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length <span class=\"token comment\"># => \"long\"</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'War and Peace'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>real_length <span class=\"token comment\"># => 13</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>上述的代码重新定义了 String#length 方法，但是别名方法引用的还是原始方法。这说明重定义方法的工作方式：重定义方法时，并不真正修改这个方法。相反，你定义了一个新方法并吧当前存在的这个方法名字跟它绑定。只要老方法还存在一个绑定的名字，仍旧可以调用它（通过老方法的别名调用，就比如上面的 real_length 方法)</p>\n</blockquote>\n<h3 id=\"环绕别名\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#环绕别名\">#</a> 环绕别名</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>通过环绕别名可以给已用方法包装新的功能</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Kernel</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">alias</span> old_puts puts</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">puts</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 自定义的一些代码</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> old_puts<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 调用原始的 puts 方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 自定义的一些代码</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>环境别名定义的三个步骤：</p>\n<ol>\n<li>给原始方法起一个别名</li>\n<li>重定义原始方法</li>\n<li>在新的方法中调用老的方法（通过之前定义的别名来进行）</li>\n</ol>\n</blockquote>\n<h3 id=\"细化包装器\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#细化包装器\">#</a> 细化包装器</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>细化除了可以把一段代码直接加入一个类中，还可以用来替换环绕别名。<br />\n如果在细化的方法中，调用了 super 方法，则会调用没有细化的原始方法。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">StringRefinement</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> refine <span class=\"token builtin\">String</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">length</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">super</span> <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span> <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'long'</span></span> <span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'short'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre>using StringRefinement</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'War and Peace'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"long\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>上述代码技术成为细化封装器，其作用范围和之前的细化一样，作用范围只到文件末尾，在 ruby2.1 中是在模块的定义范围之内（这样要比环绕别名方法更加安全，因为环绕别名是全局性的）</p>\n<h3 id=\"moduleprepend方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#moduleprepend方法\">#</a> Module#prepend 方法</h3>\n<p>Module#prepend 方法和 include 类似，但是它会把包含的模块插入到祖先链中该类下方。这意味着被 prepend 方法包含的模块可以覆写该类的同名方法，同时可以通过 super 调用该类中的原始方法：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">ExplicitString</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">length</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">super</span> <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span> <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"long\"</span></span> <span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"short\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token builtin\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>class_eval <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">prepend</span> ExplicitString</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"War and Peace\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"long\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>这种技术也被称为下包含包装器。和细化包装器相比，它不是一种局部化方法，但是一般认为其比细化包装器和环绕别名都更清晰。</p>\n",
"tags": [
"Ruby",
"Ruby",
"Metaprogramming"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/22b3ad13/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/22b3ad13/",
"title": "nest.js学习 - 全局模块和生命周期",
"date_published": "2023-05-31T08:50:49.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><h2 id=\"全局模块\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#全局模块\">#</a> 全局模块</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>nest.js 项目一般由各个模块组成，如果一个模块 A 需要使用到模块 B 中的 provider，那么需要在模块 B 中导出对应的 provider，<br />\n同时还需要在模块 A 中导入模块 B，这样才能使用模块 B 的 provider</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>AaaModule导出provider</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Global</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Module</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'@nestjs/common'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaService</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'./aaa.service'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaController</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'./aaa.controller'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>@<span class=\"token function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Module</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">controllers</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaController</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">providers</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaService</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">exports</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaService</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 导出的 provider</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AaaModule</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>BbbModule导入AaaModule</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Module</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'@nestjs/common'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">BbbService</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'./bbb.service'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">BbbController</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'./bbb.controller'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaModule</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'src/aaa/aaa.module'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre>@<span class=\"token function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Module</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">imports</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaModule</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">controllers</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">BbbController</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">providers</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">BbbService</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BbbModule</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>但是如果一个模块被多个其他模块所依赖，这样一个一个导入会显得很麻烦，<br />\n因此需要使用 @Global 装饰器将其作为全局模块，这样全局模块对所有其他模块均可见，不再需要导入模块了</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>@Global全局模块</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Global</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Module</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'@nestjs/common'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaService</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'./aaa.service'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaController</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'./aaa.controller'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>@<span class=\"token function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Global</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// </span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre>@<span class=\"token function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Module</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">controllers</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaController</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">providers</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaService</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">exports</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">AaaService</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 导出的 provider</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">AaaModule</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>其他模块不再需要imports导入了</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Module</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'@nestjs/common'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">BbbService</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'./bbb.service'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">import</span> <span class=\"token imports\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">BbbController</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword module\">from</span> <span class=\"token string\">'./bbb.controller'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>@<span class=\"token function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Module</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">imports</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">controllers</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">BbbController</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">providers</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">BbbService</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BbbModule</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"启动时的生命周期\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#启动时的生命周期\">#</a> 启动时的生命周期</h2>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/nest.js-bootstrap-lifecycle.png\" alt=\"nest.js启动时生命周期流程\" /></p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>在启动过程中，onModuleInit 和 onApplicationBootstrap 都是我们可以实现的生命周期方法<br />\n nest.js 提供了对应的接口 OnModuleInit 和 OnApplicationBootstrap</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token spread operator\">...</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>@<span class=\"token function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Controller</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'ccc'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CccController</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token class-name\">OnModuleInit</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">OnApplicationBootstrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">constructor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\"><span class=\"token keyword\">private</span> readonly cccService<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">CccService</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">onModuleInit</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'CccController onModuleInit'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">onApplicationBootstrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'CccController onApplicationBootstrap'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token spread operator\">...</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"结束时的生命周期\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#结束时的生命周期\">#</a> 结束时的生命周期</h2>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/nestjs-destroy-lifecycle.png\" alt=\"nest.js结束时生命周期流程\" /></p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>在结束过程中，onModuleDestroy 和 beforeApplicationShutdown 以及 onApplicationShutdown 都是我们可以实现的生命周期方法<br />\n nest.js 提供了对应的接口 OnModuleDestroy 和 BeforeApplicationShutdown 以及 OnApplicationShutdown</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>@<span class=\"token function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Controller</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'ccc'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword module\">export</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">CccController</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">implements</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token class-name\">OnModuleDestroy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">BeforeApplicationShutdown</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">OnApplicationShutdown</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">constructor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\"><span class=\"token keyword\">private</span> readonly cccService<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">CccService</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">onModuleDestroy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'CccController onModuleDestroy'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">beforeApplicationShutdown</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">signal<span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'CccController beforeApplicationShutdown'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">onApplicationShutdown</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">signal<span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> string</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'CccController onApplicationShutdown'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token spread operator\">...</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure>",
"tags": [
"nest.js",
"nest.js"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/2688dc52/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/2688dc52/",
"title": "Rails学习 - 固件",
"date_published": "2023-05-04T10:47:15.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><blockquote>\n<p>参考书籍：<br />\nRuby on Rails 教程（第四版）</p>\n</blockquote>\n<div class=\"note primary\">\n<p>固件（fixture）是<ins class=\"red dot\"> Rails</ins> 中组织<ins class=\"red dot\">测试数据</ins>的一种方式，这些数据会载入测试数据库</p>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"简单的使用示例\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#简单的使用示例\">#</a> 简单的使用示例</h2>\n<p>例如，我们有一个 <code>User</code> 模型，它有 <code>name</code> ， <code>email</code> ， <code>password_digest</code> 三个字段，那么我们可以通过如下操作来进行测试</p>\n<ol>\n<li>在模型对应的固件文件中编写测试数据</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight yaml\"><figcaption data-lang=\"YAML\"><span>test/fixture/users.yml</span></figcaption><table><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token key atrule\">unistart</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> unistart</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">email</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> [email protected]</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">password_digest</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <%= User.digest('password') %<span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"2\">\n<li>编写测试文件，并使用固件中的数据</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>test/integration/users_login_test.rb</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">require</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"test_helper\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">UsersLoginTest</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> ActionDispatch<span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>IntegrationTest</pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">setup</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token variable\">@user</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> users<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token symbol\">:unistart</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">...</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> test <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"login with valid information\"</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> get login_path</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> post login_path<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">params</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">session</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">email</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token variable\">@user</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>email<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">password</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"password\"</span></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> assert_redirected_to <span class=\"token variable\">@user</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 检查重定向地址是否正确</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> follow_redirect<span class=\"token operator\">!</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 访问重定向地址</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> assert_select <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"a[href=?]\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> login_path<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">count</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> assert_select <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"a[href=?]\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> logout_path</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> assert_select <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"a[href=?]\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> user_path<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token variable\">@user</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><details class=\"info\"><summary>users(:unistart)的说明</summary><div>\n<p>在上面的测试文件中，我们使用 <code>setup</code> 方法，在每个测试用例执行前生成一个名为 <code>@user</code> 的实例变量，同时该变量的值由对应固件文件 <code>users.yml</code> 中定义的 <code>unistart</code> 提供，也即 <code>users</code> 方法对应 <code>users.yml</code> 固件文件， <code>:unistart</code> 对应固件文件中定义的用户 <code>unistart</code></p>\n</div></details>\n",
"tags": [
"Rails",
"Ruby",
"Rails"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/99006ab8/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/99006ab8/",
"title": "Railway部署Rails应用",
"date_published": "2023-05-01T22:18:27.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><h2 id=\"基本步骤\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#基本步骤\">#</a> 基本步骤</h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>在 Railway 上新建一个项目，选择 <code>Deploy from github repo</code> ，然后选择自己需要部署的项目仓库（如果是第一次使用需要进行授权）<br />\n<img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/msedge_wruSnnSJYq.png\" alt=\""Deploy from github repo"\" /></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>接下来的选项卡，选择 <code>Deploy now</code> 或 <code>Add variables</code> 都可以，之后 Railway 会创建项目并自动进行构建部署，记得在 <code>Deployments</code> 面板中先中止本次的部署操作<br />\n<img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/msedge_jYFkmcyJR2.png\" alt=\""Deploy project"\" /></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>在当前项目中点击 <code>New</code> 按钮，创建一个 <code>Postgresql</code> 数据库</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>配置环境变量（可以根据需要修改）</p>\n</li>\n</ol>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>环境变量名</th>\n<th>值</th>\n<th>备注</th>\n</tr>\n</thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>PORT</td>\n<td><code>3000</code></td>\n<td>可以根据需要修改</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>RAILS_MAX_THREADS</td>\n<td><code>5</code></td>\n<td>可以根据需要修改</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>RACK_ENV</td>\n<td><code>production</code></td>\n<td>不要修改</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>RAILS_ENV</td>\n<td><code>production</code></td>\n<td>不要修改</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>RAILS_MASTER_KEY</td>\n<td>[your master key]</td>\n<td>项目中 <code>master.key</code> 文件中的值</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SECRET_KEY_BASE</td>\n<td>[your secret_key_base]</td>\n<td>可以使用 <code>RAILS_ENV=production rake secret</code> 生成</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>DATABASE_URL</td>\n<td><code>${{Postgres.DATABASE_URL}}</code></td>\n<td>直接引入之前创建好的数据库的连接信息</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PGHOST</td>\n<td><code>${{Postgres.PGHOST}}</code></td>\n<td>直接引入之前创建好的数据库的连接信息</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PGPORT</td>\n<td><code>${{Postgres.PGPORT}}</code></td>\n<td>直接引入之前创建好的数据库的连接信息</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PGUSER</td>\n<td><code>${{Postgres.PGUSER}}</code></td>\n<td>直接引入之前创建好的数据库的连接信息</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PGPASSWORD</td>\n<td><code>${{Postgres.PGPASSWORD}}</code></td>\n<td>直接引入之前创建好的数据库的连接信息</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PGDATABASE</td>\n<td><code>${{Postgres.PGDATABASE}}</code></td>\n<td>直接引入之前创建好的数据库的连接信息</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li>\n<p>接下来在 Rails 项目的 <code>Settings</code> 面板中配置域名和启动命令 <code>rails server</code> <br />\n<img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/msedge_5V1JpFbkBZ.png\" alt=\""Setup Start command"\" /></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>手动重新部署项目</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>点击 <code>Set up your project locally</code> 选项卡，安装 <code>Railway CLI</code> ，连接到当前项目，在本地终端执行命令 <code>railway run rails db:migrate</code> 完成数据库迁移操作<br />\n<img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/WindowsTerminal_Nt6o3fyxuW.png\" alt=\""migrate database"\" /></p>\n</li>\n</ol>\n<h2 id=\"踩坑\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#踩坑\">#</a> 踩坑</h2>\n<ol>\n<li><code>Missing secret_key_base</code> 错误，这是生产环境部署时没有在环境变量中配置 <code>secret_key_base</code> 值导致的<br />\n<img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/msedge_W8UMZ3A1Zh.png\" alt=\""Missing secret_key_base"\" /><br />\n 除了配置环境变量以外，还要在 <code>config/environments/production.rb</code> 文件进行配置</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>config/environments/production.rb</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">require</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"active_support/core_ext/integer/time\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>Rails<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>application<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>configure <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">...</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># Force all access to the app over SSL, use Strict-Transport-Security, and use secure cookies.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> config<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>force_ssl <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">...</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># Production SECRET_KEY_BASE</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> config<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>secret_key_base <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'<%= ENV[\"SECRET_KEY_BASE\"] %>'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"2\">\n<li><code>Database empty url</code> 错误，应该是环境变量值没有读到导致的<br />\n<img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/msedge_XXMRvIZzB2.png\" alt=\""Database empty url"\" /></li>\n</ol>\n<ul>\n<li>出现错误的配置如下：</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight yml\"><figcaption data-lang=\"YAML\"><span>config/database.yml</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">...</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token key atrule\">production</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">adapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> postgresql</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">url</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">'<%= ENV[\"DATABASE_URL\"] %>'</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">user</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">'<%= ENV[\"PGUSER\"] %>'</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">password</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">'<%= ENV[\"PGPASSWORD\"] %>'</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">pool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">timeout</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">5000</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">encoding</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> unicode</pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul>\n<li>解决方案是将 url 配置项中的单引号对删掉，然后重新部署：</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight yml\"><figcaption data-lang=\"YAML\"><span>config/database.yml</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">...</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token key atrule\">production</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">adapter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> postgresql</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">url</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <%= ENV<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">\"DATABASE_URL\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> %<span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">user</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <%= ENV<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">\"PGUSER\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> %<span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">password</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <%= ENV<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">\"PGPASSWORD\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> %<span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">pool</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">timeout</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">5000</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">encoding</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> unicode</pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>当然也可以直接复制 <code>数据库连接url</code> 到 <code>config/database.yml</code> 配置文件中，不过不推荐使用，因为这样既不安全也不灵活</p>\n",
"tags": [
"云服务",
"Rails",
"云服务",
"Railway"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/b702c88f/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/b702c88f/",
"title": "Linux学习 - 快速上手几个Linux命令",
"date_published": "2023-04-28T08:43:57.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>参考教程：<a href=\"%E2%80%9Chttps://time.geekbang.org/column/intro/100024701?tab=catalog%E2%80%9D\">趣谈 Linux 操作系统</a></p>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"用户名和密码\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#用户名和密码\">#</a> 用户名和密码</h2>\n<ol>\n<li><code>passwd</code> 命令</li>\n</ol>\n<blockquote>\n<p>用来修改用户的登录密码<br />\n在 <code>New password</code> 后面输入需要新设置的密码就好了，注意输入的密码不会显示在屏幕上，回车确认后会出现 <code>Retype new password</code> 需要你再次输入新设置的密码</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><figcaption data-lang=\"bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 改变当前用户的密码</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">passwd</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>Changing password <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> user root.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>New password:</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 改变指定用户的密码</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">passwd</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>username<span class=\"token operator\">></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>Changing password <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> user <span class=\"token operator\"><</span>username<span class=\"token operator\">></span>.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>New password:</pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"2\">\n<li><code>useradd</code> 命令</li>\n</ol>\n<blockquote>\n<p>用来新建一个用户<br />\n如果不使用 -g 参数指定新建用户的属组的话，默认会创建一个当前用户同名的属组</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><figcaption data-lang=\"bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 不指定新建用户属组</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">useradd</span> lighthouse</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 指定新建用户属组</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">useradd</span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-g</span> root lighthouse</pre></td></tr></table></figure><details class=\"info\"><summary>用户信息存放的位置</summary><div>\n<blockquote>\n<p>在 Linux 中和用户相关的信息一般存放在 <code>/etc/passwd</code> 和 <code>/etc/group</code> 里面</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><figcaption data-lang=\"bash\"><span>/etc/passwd</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">cat</span> /etc/passwd</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>lighthouse:x:1000:1000::/home/lighthouse:/bin/bash</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>.</pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>在 <code>/etc/passwd</code> 中第一位对应的是当前 Linux 系统中存在的用户名，如 <code>root</code> 和 <code>lighthouse</code> ，第二位 <code>x</code> 代表用户的密码（密码不会存储在这里），第三位和第四位分别代表 <code>用户ID</code> 和 <code>组ID</code> ，接下来的 <code>/root</code> 或 <code>/home/lighthouse</code> 代表的是它们对应 <code>用户的主目录</code> ，最后的 <code>/bin/bash</code> 代表用户登录后使用 <code>bash进行命令行交互</code></p>\n</blockquote>\n</div></details>\n<h2 id=\"浏览文件\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#浏览文件\">#</a> 浏览文件</h2>\n<ol>\n<li><code>cd</code> 命令</li>\n</ol>\n<blockquote>\n<p>用户切换目录</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><figcaption data-lang=\"bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 切换到当前目录</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd</span> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost /]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 切换到上级目录</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>/</pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"2\">\n<li><code>pwd</code> 命令</li>\n</ol>\n<blockquote>\n<p>输出当前工作目录的路径</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><figcaption data-lang=\"bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 输出当前工作目录</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">pwd</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>/root</pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"3\">\n<li><code>ls</code> 命令</li>\n</ol>\n<blockquote>\n<p>列出当前工作目录下的文件</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><figcaption data-lang=\"bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 列出文件</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">ls</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>bot.log github-project</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 以列表的形式列出 (可以使用 ls -al 列出隐藏文件)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">ls</span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>total <span class=\"token number\">196</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rw-r--r-- <span class=\"token number\">1</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">188890</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">12</span>:39 bot.log</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>drwxr-xr-x <span class=\"token number\">6</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">4096</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">14</span> <span class=\"token number\">11</span>:20 github-project</pre></td></tr></table></figure><details class=\"info\"><summary>文件列表信息说明</summary><div>\n<ol>\n<li><code>第一个字段的第一个字符是文件类型</code> ：如果是 “-”，表示普通文件；如果是 d，就表示目录（当然除此之外，还有很多种文件类型）</li>\n<li><code>第一个字段剩下的9个字符是模式</code> ：其实是权限位，3 个一组，每一组 <code>rwx</code> 表示 <code>读（read）写（write）执行（execute）</code> 。如果是字母，就说明有这个权限；如果是横线，就是没有这个权限。这三组分别表示 <code>文件所属的用户权限</code> 、 <code>文件所属的组权限</code> 以及 <code>其他用户的权限</code> 。例如，上面的例子中， <code>-rw-r–r--</code> 代表这是一个普通文件，对于所属用户，可读可写不能执行；对于所属的组，仅仅可读；对于其他用户，也是仅仅可读</li>\n<li>第二个字段是 <code>硬链接数目</code></li>\n<li>第三个字段是 <code>所属用户</code> ，第四个字段是 <code>所属组</code></li>\n<li>第五个字段是 <code>文件大小</code> ，第六个字段是 <code>文件被修改的日期</code> ，最后是 <code>文件名</code></li>\n</ol>\n<hr />\n<p>修改文件信息</p>\n<ol>\n<li>通过 <code>chmod</code> 命令修改文件权限信息</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><figcaption data-lang=\"bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 创建一个演示文件</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">touch</span> demo.txt</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 列出当前目录下的文件</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">ls</span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rw-r--r-- <span class=\"token number\">1</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">188890</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">12</span>:39 bot.log</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rw-r--r-- <span class=\"token number\">1</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">0</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">17</span>:44 demo.txt</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>drwxr-xr-x <span class=\"token number\">6</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">4096</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">14</span> <span class=\"token number\">11</span>:20 github-project</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 修改 demo.txt 文件的权限</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">chmod</span> <span class=\"token number\">711</span> demot.txt </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 重新列出当前目录下的文件</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">ls</span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rw-r--r-- <span class=\"token number\">1</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">188890</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">12</span>:39 bot.log</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rwx--x--x <span class=\"token number\">1</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">0</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">17</span>:44 demo.txt</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>drwxr-xr-x <span class=\"token number\">6</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">4096</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">14</span> <span class=\"token number\">11</span>:20 github-project</pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note primary\">\n<p><code>chmod 711</code> 的含义：我们知道<ins class=\"dot\">文件权限位是 3 个一组，一共 3 组，每组中的 r、w、x 对应的值分别是 4、2、1（每组权值累加即代表该组权限）</ins>，因此 <code>711</code> 就相当于 <code>rwx--x--x</code> ，即赋予文件所属用户可读、可写、可执行权限；文件所属组可执行权限；其他用户可执行权限</p>\n</div>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>通过 <code>chown</code> 命令修改文件所属用户</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><figcaption data-lang=\"bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 列出当前目录下的文件</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">ls</span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>total <span class=\"token number\">196</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rw-r--r-- <span class=\"token number\">1</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">188890</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">12</span>:39 bot.log</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rwx--x--x <span class=\"token number\">1</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">0</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">17</span>:44 demo.txt</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>drwxr-xr-x <span class=\"token number\">6</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">4096</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">14</span> <span class=\"token number\">11</span>:20 github-project</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 修改 demo.txt 文件所属用户</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">chown</span> lighthouse demo.txt</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 重新列出当前目录下的文件（demo.txt 所属用户已经改为 lighthouse）</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">ls</span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>total <span class=\"token number\">196</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rw-r--r-- <span class=\"token number\">1</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">188890</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">12</span>:39 bot.log</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rwx--x--x <span class=\"token number\">1</span> lighthouse root <span class=\"token number\">0</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">17</span>:44 demo.txt</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>drwxr-xr-x <span class=\"token number\">6</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">4096</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">14</span> <span class=\"token number\">11</span>:20 github-project</pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"3\">\n<li>通过 <code>chgrp</code> 命令修改文件所属组</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><figcaption data-lang=\"bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 列出当前目录下的文件</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">ls</span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>total <span class=\"token number\">196</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rw-r--r-- <span class=\"token number\">1</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">188890</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">12</span>:39 bot.log</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rwx--x--x <span class=\"token number\">1</span> lighthouse root <span class=\"token number\">0</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">17</span>:44 demo.txt</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>drwxr-xr-x <span class=\"token number\">6</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">4096</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">14</span> <span class=\"token number\">11</span>:20 github-project</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 修改 demo.txt 文件所属组</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">chgrp</span> lighthouse demo.txt</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 重新列出当前目录下的文件（demo.txt 所属组已经改为 lighthouse）</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td data-command=\"[root@localhost ~]#\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">ls</span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>total <span class=\"token number\">196</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rw-r--r-- <span class=\"token number\">1</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">188890</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">12</span>:39 bot.log</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>-rwx--x--x <span class=\"token number\">1</span> lighthouse lighthouse <span class=\"token number\">0</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">28</span> <span class=\"token number\">17</span>:44 demo.txt</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td data-command=\"\"></td><td><pre>drwxr-xr-x <span class=\"token number\">6</span> root root <span class=\"token number\">4096</span> Apr <span class=\"token number\">14</span> <span class=\"token number\">11</span>:20 github-project</pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>以可以通过 <code>chown user:group filename</code> 一次性修改文件的所属用户和所属组</p>\n</div>\n</div></details>\n<h2 id=\"安装软件\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#安装软件\">#</a> 安装软件</h2>\n<ul>\n<li>CentOS 体系\n<ol>\n<li>使用 <code>rpm包</code> ，通过命令 <code>rpm -i xxx.rpm</code> 进行安装， <code>rpm -qa</code> 可以查看安装的软件列表， <code>rpm -e xxx</code> 来删除已经安装的软件</li>\n<li>通过 <code>yum</code> 包管理器安装，执行命令 <code>yum install xxx</code> 即可。比如， <code>yum install zip.x86_64 unzip.x86_64</code></li>\n</ol>\n</li>\n<li>Ubuntu 体系\n<ol>\n<li>使用 <code>deb</code> 包，通过命令 <code>dpkg -i xxx.deb</code> 进行安装， <code>dpkg -l</code> 查看安装的软件列表， <code>dpkg -r xxx</code> 来删除已经安装的软件</li>\n<li>通过 <code>apt</code> 包管理器安装，执行命令 <code>apt install xxx</code> 即可。比如， <code>apt install zip unzip</code></li>\n</ol>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p>其实无论是先下载再安装，还是通过软件管家进行安装，都是下载一些文件，然后将这些文件放在某个路径下，然后在相应的配置文件中配置一下。例如，在 <code>Windows</code> 里面，最终会变成 <code>C:\\Program Files</code> 下面的一个文件夹以及注册表里面的一些配置。对应 <code>Linux</code> 里面会放的更散一点。例如，主执行文件会放在 <code>/usr/bin</code> 或者 <code>/usr/sbin</code> 下面，其他的库文件会放在 <code>/var</code> 下面，配置文件会放在 <code>/etc</code> 下面</p>\n</blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>通用方案\n<blockquote>\n<p>通过将安装好的路径直接下载下来，然后解压缩成为一个整的路径<br />\n如果是 <code>tar.gz</code> 这种格式的，通过 <code>tar xvzf xxx.tar.gz</code> 就可以解压缩了<br />\n通过压缩包进行安装的方式，需要自行设置环境变量。比如，安装 JDK 需要将 <code>export JAVA_HOME=/root/jdk-XXX_linux-x64</code> <br />\n 和 <code>export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH</code> 环境变量加入到 <code>当前用户主目录</code> 下的 <code>.bashrc</code> 文件中（如果使用的是 bash 进行进行命令行交互）</p>\n</blockquote>\n</li>\n</ul>\n",
"tags": [
"Linux",
"Linux"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/6909bdb9/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/6909bdb9/",
"title": "微信个人订阅号连接ChatGPT",
"date_published": "2023-04-19T09:45:53.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>需要使用到的 GitHub 仓库：</p>\n<ol>\n<li><span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL3dhbmhlYmluL2NsYXNoLWZvci1saW51eA==\">clash-for-linux</span></li>\n<li><span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL3poYXl1amllL2JvdC1vbi1hbnl0aGluZw==\">bot-on-anything</span></li>\n</ol>\n<hr />\n<p>应用运行在 <code>腾讯云服务器</code> 上，使用的操作系统是<span class=\"red\"> OpenCloudOS</span> (兼容 CentOS 8)</p>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"在linux服务器上启动代理\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#在linux服务器上启动代理\">#</a> 在 Linux 服务器上启动代理</h2>\n<ol>\n<li>基本安装步骤参考<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL3dhbmhlYmluL2NsYXNoLWZvci1saW51eA==\"> clash-for-linux</span> 项目的使用说明</li>\n<li>编辑 <code>.env</code> 文件时， <code>CLASH_URL</code> 的值应为自己 <code>Clash订阅链接的地址</code></li>\n</ol>\n<details class=\"info\"><summary>查看Clash日志</summary><div>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/chrome_WGoTlQjM4F.png\" alt=\"查看Clash错误日志\" /></p>\n</div></details>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>如果启动后出现 <code>unsupported rule type RULE-SET</code> 错误，可以参考如下 issue：</li>\n</ol>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL3dhbmhlYmluL2NsYXNoLWZvci1saW51eC9pc3N1ZXMvNTM=\">关于启动后 clash 日志报 unsupported rule type RULE-SET 错误，检查服务端口发现 9090 端口没有应用 </span></li>\n<li><span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL3dhbmhlYmluL2NsYXNoLWZvci1saW51eC9pc3N1ZXMvMjUjaXNzdWVjb21tZW50LTE1MDk5ODM5ODA=\">显示成功开启代理，后台查询不到</span></li>\n</ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li>进入 <code>Clash Dashboard</code> ，配置不同选择的节点</li>\n</ol>\n<details class=\"info\"><summary>进入Clash Dashboard</summary><div>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/msedge_sdafeLHPAG.png\" alt=\"Clash Dashboard界面\" /></p>\n</div></details>\n<h2 id=\"部署bot-on-anything程序\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#部署bot-on-anything程序\">#</a> 部署 bot-on-anything 程序</h2>\n<div class=\"note primary\">\n<p>注意：下面仅以个人订阅号的使用为例</p>\n</div>\n<ol>\n<li>基本安装步骤参考<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL3poYXl1amllL2JvdC1vbi1hbnl0aGluZw==\"> bot-on-anything</span> 项目的使用说明</li>\n<li>以下是关于在 <code>个人订阅号启用服务器配置</code> 的一些说明</li>\n</ol>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"red\">服务器地址 (URL)</span> 格式为 <code>http://<IP>:<port>/wx</code> , 由于<span class=\"red\">服务器地址 (URL)</span> 只能配置 80/443 端口，但我们启动的 python 程序默认监听 8088 端口，因此需要通过 <code>nginx</code> 做转发</li>\n</ul>\n<details class=\"primary\"><summary>nginx配置如下</summary><div>\n<figure class=\"highlight nginx\"><figcaption data-lang=\"nginx\"><span>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># For more information on configuration, see:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">user</span> nginx</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">worker_processes</span> auto</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">error_log</span> /var/log/nginx/error.log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">pid</span> /run/nginx.pid</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/doc/nginx/README.dynamic.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">include</span> /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">events</span></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">worker_connections</span> <span class=\"token number\">1024</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">http</span></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">log_format</span> main <span class=\"token string\">'<span class=\"token variable\">$remote_addr</span> - <span class=\"token variable\">$remote_user</span> [<span class=\"token variable\">$time_local]</span> \"<span class=\"token variable\">$request</span>\" '</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'<span class=\"token variable\">$status</span> <span class=\"token variable\">$body_bytes_sent</span> \"<span class=\"token variable\">$http_referer</span>\" '</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'\"<span class=\"token variable\">$http_user_agent</span>\" \"<span class=\"token variable\">$http_x_forwarded_for</span>\"'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">access_log</span> /var/log/nginx/access.log main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">sendfile</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">on</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">tcp_nopush</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">on</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">tcp_nodelay</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">on</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">keepalive_timeout</span> <span class=\"token number\">65</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">types_hash_max_size</span> <span class=\"token number\">2048</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">include</span> /etc/nginx/mime.types</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">default_type</span> application/octet-stream</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># for more information.</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">include</span> /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># Settings for a TLS enabled server.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># server {</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"42\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># listen 443 ssl http2 default_server;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"43\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># listen [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"44\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># server_name _;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"45\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># root /usr/share/nginx/html;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"46\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"47\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># ssl_certificate \"/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt\";</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"48\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># ssl_certificate_key \"/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key\";</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"49\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"50\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># ssl_session_timeout 10m;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"51\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># ssl_ciphers PROFILE=SYSTEM;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"52\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"53\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"54\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># # Load configuration files for the default server block.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"55\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"56\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"57\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># location / {</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"58\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># }</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"59\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"60\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># error_page 404 /404.html;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"61\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># location = /40x.html {</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"62\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># }</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"63\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"64\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"65\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># location = /50x.html {</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"66\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># }</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"67\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># }</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"68\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight nginx\"><figcaption data-lang=\"nginx\"><span>/etc/nginx/conf.d/bot-on-anything.conf</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">server</span></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">listen</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span> default_server</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">listen</span> [::]:80 default_server</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">server_name</span> <xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 填写自己主机的 IP 地址 </span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">location</span> /wx</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">proxy_pass</span> http://127.0.0.1:8088</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">proxy_read_timeout</span> <span class=\"token number\">300</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">proxy_connect_timeout</span> <span class=\"token number\">300</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">proxy_redirect</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">off</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">proxy_set_header</span> X-Forwarded-Proto <span class=\"token variable\">$scheme</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">proxy_set_header</span> Host <span class=\"token variable\">$http_host</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">proxy_set_header</span> X-Real-IP <span class=\"token variable\">$remote_addr</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">error_page</span> <span class=\"token number\">404</span> /404.html</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">location</span> = /40x.html</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">error_page</span> <span class=\"token number\">500</span> <span class=\"token number\">502</span> <span class=\"token number\">503</span> <span class=\"token number\">504</span> /50x.html</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token directive\"><span class=\"token keyword\">location</span> = /50x.html</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div></details>\n<ul>\n<li><ins class=\"dot\"><span class=\"red\">令牌 (Token)</span> 为自己手动输入，并满足格式要求即可</ins></li>\n<li><span class=\"red\">EncodingAESKey</span> 点击随机生成即可</li>\n<li><span class=\"red\">消息加解密方式</span>处于简单的考虑选择 <code>明文模式</code> 即可，如有需要可以自行根据需求修改</li>\n</ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>将应用程序挂到后台运行<br />\n进入项目目录执行如下命令</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight bash\"><figcaption data-lang=\"bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 通过 nohup 命令将 python 应用程序挂到后台运行</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 并将输出的日志重定向到当前用户目录下的 bot.log 文件中</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 关于 2>&1 的说明: </span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 将标准错误 2 重定向到标准输出 &1 ，标准输出 &1 再被重定向输入到 bot.log 文件中</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 0 – stdin (standard input，标准输入)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 1 – stdout (standard output，标准输出)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 2 – stderr (standard error，标准错误输出)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">nohup</span> python3 app.py <span class=\"token operator\">></span> ~/bot.log <span class=\"token operator\"><span class=\"token file-descriptor important\">2</span>></span><span class=\"token file-descriptor important\">&1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure>",
"tags": [
"WeChat",
"WeChat",
"ChatGPT"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/a93d6153/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/a93d6153/",
"title": "通过Github Action跨仓库部署Hexo",
"date_published": "2023-04-06T08:01:22.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><h2 id=\"前言\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#前言\">#</a> 前言</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>一直想给 <code>Hexo</code> 博客找个在线管理面板，能够满足在线修改和发布文章的功能，这样就可以在多台不同电脑上进行写作。<br />\n刚好在 B 站上看到有人用 <code>Qexo</code> 对 <code>Hexo</code> 博客进行管理，想试试好不好用。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<h2 id=\"前置条件\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#前置条件\">#</a> 前置条件</h2>\n<ol>\n<li>完成<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9naXRodWIuY29tL1FleG8vUWV4bw==\"> Qexo</span> 的相关安装和部署，具体安装和部署可以看<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cub3Bsb2cuY24vcWV4by9zdGFydC9idWlsZC5odG1s\">部署程序</span></li>\n<li>一个已经通过 Github Pages 部署好的个人博客仓库（仓库名称是：username/username.github.io 的形式）</li>\n<li>将 Hexo 博客源码整体作为一个 <code>git仓库</code> 上传到 <code>Github</code> ，例如叫做 <code>hexo-shoka</code></li>\n</ol>\n<details class=\"info\"><summary>流程图</summary><div>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/excalidraw/qexo-deploy-process.png\" alt=\"Qexo发布博客整个流程\" /></p>\n</div></details>\n<h2 id=\"使用github-action\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#使用github-action\">#</a> 使用 Github Action</h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>创建 Github Token<br />\n 在 <code>Github</code> 的用户页面左侧边栏找到 <code>Developer settings</code> ，点击后找到 <code>Personal access tokens</code> ，选择两种 <code>Token</code> 类型的其中一种进行创建，要求创建的 <code>Token</code> 至少对 <code>相关仓库</code> 具有 <code>读写权限</code> 。（<ins class=\"dot\">之后的工作流中要用到，请确保权限足够</ins>）</p>\n<details class=\"info\"><summary>创建示例</summary><div>\n<p>例如：我选择创建 <code>Personal access tokens (classic)</code> 类型的 <code>Token</code> ，点击 <code>Gernerate new token</code> 按钮，选择 <code>Generate new token (classic)</code> 选项。进入页面后， <code>Note</code> 选项框中填入待创建 <code>Token</code> 的名称，比如 <code>HEXO_AUTO_REDEPLOY</code> 。 <code>Expiration</code> 用于设定待创建 <code>Token</code> 的过期时间，比如选择 <code>No Expiration</code> （一般不推荐这样）。 <code>Scope</code> 用于设置 <code>Token</code> 的相关权限，比如勾选 <code>repo</code> 和 <code>workflow</code> 。最后在底部点击 <code>Gernerate token</code> 按钮完成当前 <code>Token</code> 的创建。</p>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/qexo/msedge_ap12qlk6se.png\" alt=\"创建好的HEXO_AUTO_REDEPLOY\" /></p>\n</div></details>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>创建 Repository secret<br />\n 在 <code>Hexo博客源码仓库</code> 点击 <code>Settings</code> ，在左侧栏找到 <code>Secrets and variables</code> ，选择 <code>Actions</code> ，进入 <code>Actions secrets and variables</code> 页面，点击 <code>New repository secret</code> 创建一个仓库 secret，名称随意，例如 <code>TARGET_REPO_TOKEN</code> ，值为 <code>刚才生成的Token</code> 。同样的方式再创建一个仓库 secret，名称随意，例如 <code>TARGET_REPO_NAME</code> , 值以 <code>username/username.github.io</code> 形式填入自己的 Hexo 博客部署仓库的名称</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>创建工作流文件<br />\n在存储 Hexo 博客源码的仓库 ( <code>hexo-shoka</code> ) 中创建 <code>.github/workflows/</code> 文件夹路径，并在其下面创建一个 <code>yaml</code> 格式的文件，名称随意，例如叫 <code>pages.yml</code></p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>编写工作流步骤<br />\n在 <code>pages.yml</code> 文件中写入如下内容：</p>\n</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight yml\"><figcaption data-lang=\"YAML\"><span>.github/workflows/page.yml</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Deploy Hexo Blog</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># Github Action 触发条件</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token key atrule\">on</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">branches</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> main <span class=\"token comment\"># 这里设置的是当前仓库的 main 分支发生 push 时触发</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 作业设置</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token key atrule\">jobs</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">deploy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">runs-on</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> ubuntu<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>latest <span class=\"token comment\"># 设置运行的宿主机系统</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">steps</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 检出当前仓库（存放 Hexo 博客源码的仓库）</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Checkout source code</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">uses</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> actions/checkout@v2</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">with</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 如果你的主题文件夹使用的是 git submodule 进行管理的话这个操作是必须的</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 不然检出当前仓库后，themes/your_theme/ 文件下内容是空的</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">submodules</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">'recursive'</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># git config 设置</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Configure Git</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">env</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 如果不想通过环境变量来设置，也可以抽取成 Repository secret</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">USERNAME</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> unistart <span class=\"token comment\"># 改成自己的</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">USER_EMAIL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> [email protected] <span class=\"token comment\"># 改成自己的</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">run</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">|</span><span class=\"token scalar string\"></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre> git config --global user.email $USER_EMAIL</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre> git config --global user.name $USERNAME</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 配置 Node.js 环境</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Setup Node.js environment</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">uses</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> actions/setup<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>node@v2</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">with</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">node-version</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">'18.x'</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 可以根据自己的需要修改 Node.js 版本</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 安装 npm 依赖</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Install dependencies</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">run</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">|</span><span class=\"token scalar string\"></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre> npm install hexo-cli -g</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre> npm install</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"42\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"43\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 执行 hexo 命令并推送新生成的内容到指定的目标仓库（存放 Hexo 博客静态页面的仓库）</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"44\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 下面使用 git 进行远程推送时，可以根据自己的需要修改推送分支的名称</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"45\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 下面的操作是进行 CURRENT_REPO_NAME:main -> TARGET_REPO_NAME:main</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"46\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Build and deploy</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"47\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">env</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 注意去掉插值表达式中多余的 '\\' 符号，因为 markdown 渲染的关系目前只能这样写了</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"48\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">TARGET_REPO_TOKEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> $\\<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\\<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> secrets.TARGET_REPO_TOKEN \\<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\\<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"49\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">TARGET_REPO_NAME</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> $\\<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\\<span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> secrets.TARGET_REPO_NAME \\<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\\<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"50\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">run</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">|</span><span class=\"token scalar string\"></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"51\"></td><td><pre> hexo clean</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"52\"></td><td><pre> hexo generate</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"53\"></td><td><pre> cd public</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"54\"></td><td><pre> git init</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"55\"></td><td><pre> git remote add origin \"https://[email protected]/$TARGET_REPO_NAME\"</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"56\"></td><td><pre> git checkout -b main</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"57\"></td><td><pre> git add .</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"58\"></td><td><pre> git commit -m \"Redeploy Hexo Blog\"</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"59\"></td><td><pre> git push origin main --force</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"5\">\n<li>在当前仓库（ <code>hexo-shoka</code> ）提交编写好的工作流，等待 Github Action 完成</li>\n</ol>\n",
"tags": [
"Github",
"Github",
"Github Action"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/84819354/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/84819354/",
"title": "Rust学习-归并排序",
"date_published": "2023-04-04T09:50:01.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><div class=\"note info\">\n<p><span class=\"label primary\">分而治之（Divide and Conquer）</span>：将一个复杂的问题，分解成若干个规模相同或类似的子问题，然后再对这些子问题再进一步细分，直到最后的子问题变得很简单，很容易就能被求解出来，这样这个复杂的问题就求解出来了。</p>\n<p>归并排序中就运用到了<ins class=\"dot red\">分而治之</ins>的思想。</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"note primary\">\n<p><span class=\"label\">实现步骤</span></p>\n<ol>\n<li>对数组进行拆分，后面具体实现中是对数组进行左右两等分（二路归并）</li>\n<li>分别对拆分后的左右数组进行排序</li>\n<li>当待排序数组只有一个元素时直接返回该数组</li>\n<li>将左右排序好的数组合并成一个数组，并返回</li>\n</ol>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"归并排序并返回新数组\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#归并排序并返回新数组\">#</a> 归并排序并返回新数组</h2>\n<figure class=\"highlight rust\"><figcaption data-lang=\"rust\"><span>归并排序</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mod</span> <span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\">merge_not_inplace</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">use</span> <span class=\"token namespace\">std<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span>fmt<span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span></span><span class=\"token class-name\">Debug</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">merge_sort</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>origin_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">where</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Debug</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Eq</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ord</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> origin_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_empty</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token macro property\">panic!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"This array is empty!\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 如果分解到只剩一个数，返回该数</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> origin_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> origin_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 将待排序数组分解成两半</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> mid <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> origin_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> left_arr <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> origin_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>mid<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> right_arr <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> origin_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>mid<span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 嵌套调用，对两半分别进行排序</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> left_arr <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">merge_sort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>left_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> right_arr <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">merge_sort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>right_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 合并排序后的两半</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> merged <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">merge</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>left_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> right_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> merged<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">merge</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>left_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> right_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-></span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">where</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Debug</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Eq</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ord</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> left_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_empty</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token macro property\">panic!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"left array is empty!\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> right_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">is_empty</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token macro property\">panic!</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"right array is empty!\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"42\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"43\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> li <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"44\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> ri <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"45\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> result <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token function\">with_capacity</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>left_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> right_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"46\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"47\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 轮流从两个数组中取出较小的值，放入合并后的数组中</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"48\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> li <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> left_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> ri <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> right_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"49\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> left_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>li<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><=</span> right_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ri<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"50\"></td><td><pre> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>left_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>li<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"51\"></td><td><pre> li <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"52\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"53\"></td><td><pre> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>right_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ri<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"54\"></td><td><pre> ri <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"55\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"56\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"57\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"58\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 如果两个数组有一个先结束了，就将另一个数组的元素直接依次放入进来</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"59\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> li <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> left_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"60\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> i <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> li<span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>left_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"61\"></td><td><pre> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>left_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"62\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"63\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"64\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> i <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> ri<span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>right_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"65\"></td><td><pre> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>right_arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">get</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">unwrap</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"66\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"67\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"68\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"69\"></td><td><pre> result</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"70\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"71\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"在原数组上进行归并排序\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#在原数组上进行归并排序\">#</a> 在原数组上进行归并排序</h2>\n<figure class=\"highlight rust\"><figcaption data-lang=\"rust\"><span>归并排序</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mod</span> <span class=\"token module-declaration namespace\">merge_inplace</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">pub</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">merge_sort</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clone</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Eq</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ord</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> len <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> len <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> mid <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> len <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">merge_sort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>mid<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">merge_sort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>mid<span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">merge</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mid<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">fn</span> <span class=\"token function-definition function\">merge</span><span class=\"token operator\"><</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Clone</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Eq</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Ord</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&</span><span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token class-name\">T</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> mid<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">usize</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> left <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span>mid<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> right <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>mid<span class=\"token punctuation\">..</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">to_vec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> j <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">let</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">mut</span> k <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> left<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> j <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> right<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> left<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><=</span> right<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>j<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>k<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> left<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> i <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>k<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> right<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>j<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> j <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre> k <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> left<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>k<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> left<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre> i <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre> k <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> j <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> right<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">len</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> arr<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>k<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> right<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>j<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">clone</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre> j <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre> k <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>Rust 中的数组包括定长数组和可变数组，前者的类型为 <code>[T; Sized]</code> ，后者类型为 <code>Vec<T></code> ，注意从数组中获取值时，通常获得的是值的一个引用（或者说是一个借用），这是由于 Rust 所有权机制导致的。如果想要在合并数组时，取得待合并元素本身而不是其引用，就需要泛型 T 实现 <code>Clone Trait</code> 约束，这样才可以通过 <code>clone</code> 方法来获取到元素的值拷贝。</p>\n</div>\n",
"tags": [
"算法",
"Rust",
"算法"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/cd788354/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/cd788354/",
"title": "WebGL学习（附录）",
"date_published": "2023-03-15T02:40:04.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><p><span class=\"label info\">参考书籍中使用到的辅助库代码</span></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>cuon-matrix.js</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">// cuon-matrix.js (c) 2012 kanda and matsuda</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/** </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> * This is a class treating 4x4 matrix.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> * This class contains the function that is equivalent to OpenGL matrix stack.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> * The matrix after conversion is calculated by multiplying a conversion matrix from the right.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> * The matrix is replaced by the calculated result.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> * Constructor of Matrix4</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> * If opt_src is specified, new matrix is initialized by opt_src.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> * Otherwise, new matrix is initialized by identity matrix.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">opt_src</span> source matrix(option)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Matrix4</span></span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">opt_src</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> d<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>opt_src <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">typeof</span> opt_src <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> <span class=\"token string\">'object'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> opt_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">hasOwnProperty</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'elements'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> s <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> opt_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> d <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Float32Array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre> d<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> d<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Float32Array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre> * Set the identity matrix.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">setIdentity</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"42\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"43\"></td><td><pre> * Copy matrix.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"44\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">src</span> source matrix</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"45\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"46\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"47\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">set</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">src</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"48\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> d<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"49\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"50\"></td><td><pre> s <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> src<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"51\"></td><td><pre> d <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"52\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"53\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>s <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> d<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"54\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"55\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"56\"></td><td><pre> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"57\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"58\"></td><td><pre> d<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"59\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"60\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"61\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"62\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"63\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"64\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"65\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the matrix from the right.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"66\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">other</span> The multiply matrix</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"67\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"68\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"69\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">concat</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">other</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"70\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> a<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ai0<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ai1<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ai2<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ai3<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"71\"></td><td><pre> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"72\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Calculate e = a * b</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"73\"></td><td><pre> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"74\"></td><td><pre> a <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"75\"></td><td><pre> b <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> other<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"76\"></td><td><pre> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"77\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// If e equals b, copy b to temporary matrix.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"78\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>e <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"79\"></td><td><pre> b <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Float32Array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"80\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"81\"></td><td><pre> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"82\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"83\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"84\"></td><td><pre> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"85\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"86\"></td><td><pre> ai0<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ai1<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ai2<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ai3<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"87\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ai0 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai1 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai2 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai3 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"88\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ai0 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai1 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai2 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai3 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"89\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ai0 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai1 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai2 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai3 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"90\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token operator\">+</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ai0 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai1 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai2 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ai3 <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"91\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"92\"></td><td><pre> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"93\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"94\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"95\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">multiply</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">concat</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"96\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"97\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"98\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the three-dimensional vector.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"99\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">pos</span> The multiply vector</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"100\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> The result of multiplication(Float32Array)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"101\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"102\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">multiplyVector3</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">pos</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"103\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"104\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> p <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> pos<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"105\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> v <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vector3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"106\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> result <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"107\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"108\"></td><td><pre> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"109\"></td><td><pre> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"110\"></td><td><pre> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"111\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"112\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"113\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"114\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"115\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"116\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the four-dimensional vector.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"117\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">pos</span> The multiply vector</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"118\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> The result of multiplication(Float32Array)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"119\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"120\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">multiplyVector4</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">pos</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"121\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"122\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> p <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> pos<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"123\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> v <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Vector4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"124\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> result <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"125\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"126\"></td><td><pre> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"127\"></td><td><pre> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"128\"></td><td><pre> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"129\"></td><td><pre> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> p<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"130\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"131\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"132\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"133\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"134\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"135\"></td><td><pre> * Transpose the matrix.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"136\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"137\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"138\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">transpose</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"139\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"140\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"141\"></td><td><pre> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"142\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"143\"></td><td><pre> t <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"144\"></td><td><pre> t <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"145\"></td><td><pre> t <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"146\"></td><td><pre> t <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"147\"></td><td><pre> t <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"148\"></td><td><pre> t <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"149\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"150\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"151\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"152\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"153\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"154\"></td><td><pre> * Calculate the inverse matrix of specified matrix, and set to this.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"155\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">other</span> The source matrix</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"156\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"157\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"158\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">setInverseOf</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">other</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"159\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> d<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> det<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"160\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"161\"></td><td><pre> s <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> other<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"162\"></td><td><pre> d <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"163\"></td><td><pre> inv <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Float32Array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"164\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"165\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"166\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"167\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"168\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"169\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"170\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"171\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"172\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"173\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"174\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"175\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"176\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"177\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"178\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"179\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"180\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"181\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"182\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"183\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"184\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"185\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"186\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"187\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"188\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"189\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"190\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"191\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"192\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"193\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"194\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"195\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"196\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"197\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"198\"></td><td><pre> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"199\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"200\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"201\"></td><td><pre> det <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"202\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>det <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"203\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"204\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"205\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"206\"></td><td><pre> det <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> det<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"207\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"208\"></td><td><pre> d<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> inv<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> det<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"209\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"210\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"211\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"212\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"213\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"214\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"215\"></td><td><pre> * Calculate the inverse matrix of this, and set to this.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"216\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"217\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"218\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">invert</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"219\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">setInverseOf</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"220\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"221\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"222\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"223\"></td><td><pre> * Set the orthographic projection matrix.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"224\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">left</span> The coordinate of the left of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"225\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">right</span> The coordinate of the right of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"226\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">bottom</span> The coordinate of the bottom of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"227\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">top</span> The coordinate of the top top clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"228\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">near</span> The distances to the nearer depth clipping plane. This value is minus if the plane is to be behind the viewer.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"229\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">far</span> The distances to the farther depth clipping plane. This value is minus if the plane is to be behind the viewer.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"230\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"231\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"232\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">setOrtho</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">left<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> right<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bottom<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> top<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> far</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"233\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rw<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rh<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rd<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"234\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"235\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>left <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> right <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> bottom <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> top <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> near <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> far<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"236\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">throw</span> <span class=\"token string\">'null frustum'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"237\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"238\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"239\"></td><td><pre> rw <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>right <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> left<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"240\"></td><td><pre> rh <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>top <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> bottom<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"241\"></td><td><pre> rd <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>far <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"242\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"243\"></td><td><pre> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"244\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"245\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rw<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"246\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"247\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"248\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"249\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"250\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"251\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rh<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"252\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"253\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"254\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"255\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"256\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"257\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rd<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"258\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"259\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"260\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>right <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> left<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rw<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"261\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>top <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> bottom<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rh<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"262\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>far <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rd<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"263\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"264\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"265\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"266\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"267\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"268\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"269\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the orthographic projection matrix from the right.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"270\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">left</span> The coordinate of the left of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"271\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">right</span> The coordinate of the right of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"272\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">bottom</span> The coordinate of the bottom of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"273\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">top</span> The coordinate of the top top clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"274\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">near</span> The distances to the nearer depth clipping plane. This value is minus if the plane is to be behind the viewer.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"275\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">far</span> The distances to the farther depth clipping plane. This value is minus if the plane is to be behind the viewer.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"276\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"277\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"278\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">ortho</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">left<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> right<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bottom<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> top<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> far</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"279\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">concat</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">setOrtho</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>left<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> right<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bottom<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> top<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> far<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"280\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"281\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"282\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"283\"></td><td><pre> * Set the perspective projection matrix.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"284\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">left</span> The coordinate of the left of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"285\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">right</span> The coordinate of the right of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"286\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">bottom</span> The coordinate of the bottom of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"287\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">top</span> The coordinate of the top top clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"288\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">near</span> The distances to the nearer depth clipping plane. This value must be plus value.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"289\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">far</span> The distances to the farther depth clipping plane. This value must be plus value.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"290\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"291\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"292\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">setFrustum</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">left<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> right<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bottom<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> top<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> far</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"293\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rw<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rh<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rd<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"294\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"295\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>left <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> right <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> top <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> bottom <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> near <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> far<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"296\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">throw</span> <span class=\"token string\">'null frustum'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"297\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"298\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>near <span class=\"token operator\"><=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"299\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">throw</span> <span class=\"token string\">'near <= 0'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"300\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"301\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>far <span class=\"token operator\"><=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"302\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">throw</span> <span class=\"token string\">'far <= 0'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"303\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"304\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"305\"></td><td><pre> rw <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>right <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> left<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"306\"></td><td><pre> rh <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>top <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> bottom<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"307\"></td><td><pre> rd <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>far <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"308\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"309\"></td><td><pre> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"310\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"311\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> near <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rw<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"312\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"313\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"314\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"315\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"316\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"317\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> near <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rh<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"318\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"319\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"320\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"321\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>right <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> left<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rw<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"322\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>top <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> bottom<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rh<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"323\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>far <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rd<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"324\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"325\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"326\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"327\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"328\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> near <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> far <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rd<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"329\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"330\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"331\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"332\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"333\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"334\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"335\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the perspective projection matrix from the right.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"336\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">left</span> The coordinate of the left of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"337\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">right</span> The coordinate of the right of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"338\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">bottom</span> The coordinate of the bottom of clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"339\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">top</span> The coordinate of the top top clipping plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"340\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">near</span> The distances to the nearer depth clipping plane. This value must be plus value.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"341\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">far</span> The distances to the farther depth clipping plane. This value must be plus value.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"342\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"343\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"344\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">frustum</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">left<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> right<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bottom<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> top<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> far</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"345\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">concat</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">setFrustum</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>left<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> right<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> bottom<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> top<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> far<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"346\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"347\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"348\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"349\"></td><td><pre> * Set the perspective projection matrix by fovy and aspect.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"350\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">fovy</span> The angle between the upper and lower sides of the frustum.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"351\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">aspect</span> The aspect ratio of the frustum. (width/height)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"352\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">near</span> The distances to the nearer depth clipping plane. This value must be plus value.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"353\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">far</span> The distances to the farther depth clipping plane. This value must be plus value.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"354\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"355\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"356\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">setPerspective</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">fovy<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> aspect<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> far</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"357\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rd<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ct<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"358\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"359\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>near <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> far <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> aspect <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"360\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">throw</span> <span class=\"token string\">'null frustum'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"361\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"362\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>near <span class=\"token operator\"><=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"363\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">throw</span> <span class=\"token string\">'near <= 0'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"364\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"365\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>far <span class=\"token operator\"><=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"366\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">throw</span> <span class=\"token string\">'far <= 0'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"367\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"368\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"369\"></td><td><pre> fovy <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token known-class-name class-name\">Math</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">PI</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> fovy <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token number\">180</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"370\"></td><td><pre> s <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token known-class-name class-name\">Math</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">sin</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>fovy<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"371\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>s <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"372\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">throw</span> <span class=\"token string\">'null frustum'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"373\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"374\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"375\"></td><td><pre> rd <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>far <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"376\"></td><td><pre> ct <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token known-class-name class-name\">Math</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">cos</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>fovy<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"377\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"378\"></td><td><pre> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"379\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"380\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ct <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> aspect<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"381\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"382\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"383\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"384\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"385\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"386\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ct<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"387\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"388\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"389\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"390\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"391\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"392\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>far <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rd<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"393\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"394\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"395\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"396\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"397\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> near <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> far <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> rd<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"398\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"399\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"400\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"401\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"402\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"403\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"404\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the perspective projection matrix from the right.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"405\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">fovy</span> The angle between the upper and lower sides of the frustum.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"406\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">aspect</span> The aspect ratio of the frustum. (width/height)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"407\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">near</span> The distances to the nearer depth clipping plane. This value must be plus value.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"408\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">far</span> The distances to the farther depth clipping plane. This value must be plus value.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"409\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"410\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"411\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">perspective</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">fovy<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> aspect<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> far</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"412\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">concat</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">setPerspective</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>fovy<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> aspect<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> near<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> far<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"413\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"414\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"415\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"416\"></td><td><pre> * Set the matrix for scaling.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"417\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">x</span> The scale factor along the X axis</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"418\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">y</span> The scale factor along the Y axis</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"419\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">z</span> The scale factor along the Z axis</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"420\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"421\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"422\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">setScale</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> z</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"423\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"424\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"425\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"426\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"427\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"428\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"429\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"430\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"431\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"432\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the matrix for scaling from the right.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"433\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">x</span> The scale factor along the X axis</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"434\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">y</span> The scale factor along the Y axis</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"435\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">z</span> The scale factor along the Z axis</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"436\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"437\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"438\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">scale</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> z</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"439\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"440\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"441\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"442\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"443\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"444\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"445\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"446\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"447\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"448\"></td><td><pre> * Set the matrix for translation.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"449\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">x</span> The X value of a translation.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"450\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">y</span> The Y value of a translation.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"451\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">z</span> The Z value of a translation.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"452\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"453\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"454\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">setTranslate</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> z</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"455\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"456\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"457\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"458\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"459\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"460\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"461\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"462\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"463\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"464\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the matrix for translation from the right.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"465\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">x</span> The X value of a translation.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"466\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">y</span> The Y value of a translation.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"467\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">z</span> The Z value of a translation.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"468\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"469\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"470\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">translate</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> z</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"471\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"472\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> x <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> y <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"473\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> x <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> y <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"474\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> x <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> y <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"475\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> x <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> y <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"476\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"477\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"478\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"479\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"480\"></td><td><pre> * Set the matrix for rotation.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"481\"></td><td><pre> * The vector of rotation axis may not be normalized.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"482\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">angle</span> The angle of rotation (degrees)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"483\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">x</span> The X coordinate of vector of rotation axis.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"484\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">y</span> The Y coordinate of vector of rotation axis.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"485\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">z</span> The Z coordinate of vector of rotation axis.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"486\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"487\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"488\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">setRotate</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">angle<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> z</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"489\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> len<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rlen<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> nc<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> xy<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> yz<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> zx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> xs<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ys<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> zs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"490\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"491\"></td><td><pre> angle <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token known-class-name class-name\">Math</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">PI</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> angle <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token number\">180</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"492\"></td><td><pre> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"493\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"494\"></td><td><pre> s <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token known-class-name class-name\">Math</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">sin</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>angle<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"495\"></td><td><pre> c <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token known-class-name class-name\">Math</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">cos</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>angle<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"496\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"497\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!==</span> x <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> y <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"498\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Rotation around X axis</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"499\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>x <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"500\"></td><td><pre> s <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"501\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"502\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"503\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token operator\">-</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"504\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"505\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"506\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> x <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!==</span> y <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"507\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Rotation around Y axis</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"508\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>y <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"509\"></td><td><pre> s <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"510\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"511\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"512\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"513\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token operator\">-</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"514\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"515\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> x <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> y <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!==</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"516\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Rotation around Z axis</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"517\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>z <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"518\"></td><td><pre> s <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"519\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"520\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token operator\">-</span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"521\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"522\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"523\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"524\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"525\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Rotation around another axis</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"526\"></td><td><pre> len <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token known-class-name class-name\">Math</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">sqrt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>x<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>x <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> y<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>y <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> z<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>z<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"527\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>len <span class=\"token operator\">!==</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"528\"></td><td><pre> rlen <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> len<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"529\"></td><td><pre> x <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> rlen<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"530\"></td><td><pre> y <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> rlen<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"531\"></td><td><pre> z <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> rlen<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"532\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"533\"></td><td><pre> nc <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"534\"></td><td><pre> xy <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> x <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"535\"></td><td><pre> yz <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> y <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"536\"></td><td><pre> zx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> z <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"537\"></td><td><pre> xs <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> x <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"538\"></td><td><pre> ys <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> y <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"539\"></td><td><pre> zs <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> z <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"540\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"541\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> x<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>x<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>nc <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"542\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> xy <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>nc <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> zs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"543\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> zx <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>nc <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> ys<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"544\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"545\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"546\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> xy <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>nc <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> zs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"547\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> y<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>y<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>nc <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"548\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> yz <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>nc <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> xs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"549\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"550\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"551\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> zx <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>nc <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ys<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"552\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> yz <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>nc <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> xs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"553\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> z<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>z<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>nc <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"554\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"555\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"556\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"557\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"558\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"559\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"560\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"561\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"562\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"563\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"564\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"565\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"566\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the matrix for rotation from the right.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"567\"></td><td><pre> * The vector of rotation axis may not be normalized.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"568\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">angle</span> The angle of rotation (degrees)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"569\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">x</span> The X coordinate of vector of rotation axis.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"570\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">y</span> The Y coordinate of vector of rotation axis.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"571\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">z</span> The Z coordinate of vector of rotation axis.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"572\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"573\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"574\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">rotate</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">angle<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> z</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"575\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">concat</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">setRotate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>angle<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"576\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"577\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"578\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"579\"></td><td><pre> * Set the viewing matrix.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"580\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> eyeX, eyeY, eyeZ The position of the eye point.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"581\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> centerX, centerY, centerZ The position of the reference point.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"582\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> upX, upY, upZ The direction of the up vector.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"583\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"584\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"585\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">setLookAt</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">eyeX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> eyeY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> eyeZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> centerX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> centerY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> centerZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> upX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> upY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> upZ</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"586\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> fx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> fy<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> fz<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rlf<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sy<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> sz<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rls<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ux<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> uy<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> uz<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"587\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"588\"></td><td><pre> fx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> centerX <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> eyeX<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"589\"></td><td><pre> fy <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> centerY <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> eyeY<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"590\"></td><td><pre> fz <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> centerZ <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> eyeZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"591\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"592\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Normalize f.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"593\"></td><td><pre> rlf <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token known-class-name class-name\">Math</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">sqrt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>fx<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>fx <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> fy<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>fy <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> fz<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>fz<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"594\"></td><td><pre> fx <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> rlf<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"595\"></td><td><pre> fy <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> rlf<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"596\"></td><td><pre> fz <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> rlf<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"597\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"598\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Calculate cross product of f and up.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"599\"></td><td><pre> sx <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> fy <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> upZ <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> fz <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> upY<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"600\"></td><td><pre> sy <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> fz <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> upX <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> fx <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> upZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"601\"></td><td><pre> sz <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> fx <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> upY <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> fy <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> upX<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"602\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"603\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Normalize s.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"604\"></td><td><pre> rls <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">/</span> <span class=\"token known-class-name class-name\">Math</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">sqrt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>sx<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>sx <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> sy<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>sy <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> sz<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>sz<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"605\"></td><td><pre> sx <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> rls<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"606\"></td><td><pre> sy <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> rls<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"607\"></td><td><pre> sz <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> rls<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"608\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"609\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Calculate cross product of s and f.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"610\"></td><td><pre> ux <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> sy <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> fz <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> sz <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> fy<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"611\"></td><td><pre> uy <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> sz <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> fx <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> sx <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> fz<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"612\"></td><td><pre> uz <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> sx <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> fy <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> sy <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> fx<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"613\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"614\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Set to this.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"615\"></td><td><pre> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"616\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> sx<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"617\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ux<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"618\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span>fx<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"619\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"620\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"621\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> sy<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"622\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> uy<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"623\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span>fy<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"624\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"625\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"626\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> sz<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"627\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> uz<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"628\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span>fz<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"629\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"630\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"631\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"632\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"633\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"634\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"635\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"636\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Translate.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"637\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">translate</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">-</span>eyeX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span>eyeY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span>eyeZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"638\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"639\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"640\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"641\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the viewing matrix from the right.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"642\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> eyeX, eyeY, eyeZ The position of the eye point.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"643\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> centerX, centerY, centerZ The position of the reference point.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"644\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> upX, upY, upZ The direction of the up vector.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"645\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"646\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"647\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">lookAt</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">eyeX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> eyeY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> eyeZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> centerX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> centerY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> centerZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> upX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> upY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> upZ</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"648\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">concat</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">setLookAt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>eyeX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> eyeY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> eyeZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> centerX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> centerY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> centerZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> upX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> upY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> upZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"649\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"650\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"651\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"652\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the matrix for project vertex to plane from the right.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"653\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">plane</span> The array[A, B, C, D] of the equation of plane \"Ax + By + Cz + D = 0\".</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"654\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">light</span> The array which stored coordinates of the light. if light[3]=0, treated as parallel light.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"655\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"656\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"657\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">dropShadow</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> light</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"658\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> mat <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"659\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> mat<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"660\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"661\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> dot <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"662\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"663\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dot <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"664\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"665\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"666\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"667\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"668\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"669\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dot <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"670\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"671\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"672\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"673\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"674\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span> <span class=\"token number\">9</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"675\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dot <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"676\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"677\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"678\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"679\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"680\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"681\"></td><td><pre> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> dot <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> light<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> plane<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"682\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"683\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">concat</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>mat<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"684\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"685\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"686\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"687\"></td><td><pre> * Multiply the matrix for project vertex to plane from the right.(Projected by parallel light.)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"688\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> normX, normY, normZ The normal vector of the plane.(Not necessary to be normalized.)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"689\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> planeX, planeY, planeZ The coordinate of arbitrary points on a plane.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"690\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> lightX, lightY, lightZ The vector of the direction of light.(Not necessary to be normalized.)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"691\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"692\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"693\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Matrix4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">dropShadowDirectionally</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">normX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> normY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> normZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> planeX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> planeY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> planeZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lightX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lightY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lightZ</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"694\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> a <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> planeX <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> normX <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> planeY <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> normY <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> planeZ <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> normZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"695\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">dropShadow</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>normX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> normY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> normZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>lightX<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lightY<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lightZ<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"696\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"697\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"698\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"699\"></td><td><pre> * Constructor of Vector3</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"700\"></td><td><pre> * If opt_src is specified, new vector is initialized by opt_src.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"701\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">opt_src</span> source vector(option)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"702\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"703\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Vector3</span></span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">opt_src</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"704\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> v <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Float32Array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"705\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>opt_src <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">typeof</span> opt_src <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> <span class=\"token string\">'object'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"706\"></td><td><pre> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> opt_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> opt_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> opt_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"707\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"708\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"709\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"710\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"711\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"712\"></td><td><pre> * Normalize.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"713\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"714\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"715\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Vector3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">prototype</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">normalize</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"716\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> v <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"717\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> c <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> d <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> e <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> g <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token known-class-name class-name\">Math</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">sqrt</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>c<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>c<span class=\"token operator\">+</span>d<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>d<span class=\"token operator\">+</span>e<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>e<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"718\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>g<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"719\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>g <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"720\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"721\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"722\"></td><td><pre> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"723\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"724\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"725\"></td><td><pre> g <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">/</span>g<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"726\"></td><td><pre> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> c<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>g<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> d<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>g<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> e<span class=\"token operator\">*</span>g<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"727\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"728\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"729\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"730\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"731\"></td><td><pre> * Constructor of Vector4</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"732\"></td><td><pre> * If opt_src is specified, new vector is initialized by opt_src.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"733\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">opt_src</span> source vector(option)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"734\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"735\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">Vector4</span></span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">opt_src</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"736\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> v <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">new</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Float32Array</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"737\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>opt_src <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">typeof</span> opt_src <span class=\"token operator\">===</span> <span class=\"token string\">'object'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"738\"></td><td><pre> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> opt_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> opt_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> opt_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> opt_src<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"739\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"740\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">this</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">elements</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> v<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"741\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>cuon-utils.js</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">// cuon-utils.js (c) 2012 kanda and matsuda</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> * Create a program object and make current</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">gl</span> GL context</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">vshader</span> a vertex shader program (string)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">fshader</span> a fragment shader program (string)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> true, if the program object was created and successfully made current </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">initShaders</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> vshader<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> fshader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">createProgram</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> vshader<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> fshader<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>program<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to create program'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">useProgram</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">program</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> program<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> * Create the linked program object</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">gl</span> GL context</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">vshader</span> a vertex shader program (string)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">fshader</span> a fragment shader program (string)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> created program object, or null if the creation has failed</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">createProgram</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> vshader<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> fshader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Create shader object</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> vertexShader <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">loadShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">VERTEX_SHADER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> vshader<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> fragmentShader <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">loadShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">FRAGMENT_SHADER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> fshader<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>vertexShader <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!</span>fragmentShader<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Create a program object</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> program <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">createProgram</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>program<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"42\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"43\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Attach the shader objects</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"44\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">attachShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> vertexShader<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"45\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">attachShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> fragmentShader<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"46\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"47\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Link the program object</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"48\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">linkProgram</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"49\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"50\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Check the result of linking</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"51\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> linked <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getProgramParameter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">LINK_STATUS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"52\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>linked<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"53\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> error <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getProgramInfoLog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"54\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to link program: '</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> error<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"55\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">deleteProgram</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>program<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"56\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">deleteShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>fragmentShader<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"57\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">deleteShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>vertexShader<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"58\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"59\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"60\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> program<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"61\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"62\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"63\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"64\"></td><td><pre> * Create a shader object</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"65\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">gl</span> GL context</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"66\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">type</span> the type of the shader object to be created</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"67\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">source</span> shader program (string)</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"68\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> created shader object, or null if the creation has failed.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"69\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"70\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">loadShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> type<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> source</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"71\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Create shader object</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"72\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> shader <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">createShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>type<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"73\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>shader <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"74\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'unable to create shader'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"75\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"76\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"77\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"78\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Set the shader program</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"79\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">shaderSource</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>shader<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> source<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"80\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"81\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Compile the shader</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"82\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">compileShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>shader<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"83\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"84\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Check the result of compilation</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"85\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> compiled <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getShaderParameter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>shader<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">COMPILE_STATUS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"86\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>compiled<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"87\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> error <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getShaderInfoLog</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>shader<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"88\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to compile shader: '</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> error<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"89\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">deleteShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>shader<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"90\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"91\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"92\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"93\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> shader<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"94\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"95\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"96\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/** </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"97\"></td><td><pre> * Initialize and get the rendering for WebGL</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"98\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">canvas</span> <cavnas> element</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"99\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token parameter\">opt_debug</span> flag to initialize the context for debugging</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"100\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> the rendering context for WebGL</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"101\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"102\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">getWebGLContext</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> opt_debug</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"103\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Get the rendering context for WebGL</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"104\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> gl <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">WebGLUtils</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">setupWebGL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"105\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"106\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"107\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// if opt_debug is explicitly false, create the context for debugging</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"108\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">length</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> opt_debug<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"109\"></td><td><pre> gl <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">WebGLDebugUtils</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">makeDebugContext</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"110\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"111\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"112\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"113\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>webgl-debug.js</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">//Copyright (c) 2009 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">//Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">//found in the LICENSE file.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">// Various functions for helping debug WebGL apps.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function-variable function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">WebGLDebugUtils</span></span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> * Wrapped logging function.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">msg</span> Message to log.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">log</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">msg</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">console</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> * Which arguements are enums.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@type</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>!Object<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>number<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> string<span class=\"token punctuation\">></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> glValidEnumContexts <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Generic setters and getters</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'enable'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'disable'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'getParameter'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Rendering</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'drawArrays'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'drawElements'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Shaders</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'createShader'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'getShaderParameter'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'getProgramParameter'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"42\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Vertex attributes</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"43\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"44\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'getVertexAttrib'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"45\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'vertexAttribPointer'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"46\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"47\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Textures</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"48\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"49\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'bindTexture'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"50\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'activeTexture'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"51\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'getTexParameter'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"52\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'texParameterf'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"53\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'texParameteri'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"54\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'texImage2D'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"55\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'texSubImage2D'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">6</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">7</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"56\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'copyTexImage2D'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"57\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'copyTexSubImage2D'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"58\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'generateMipmap'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"59\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"60\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Buffer objects</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"61\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"62\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'bindBuffer'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"63\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'bufferData'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"64\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'bufferSubData'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"65\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'getBufferParameter'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"66\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"67\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Renderbuffers and framebuffers</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"68\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"69\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'pixelStorei'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"70\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'readPixels'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"71\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'bindRenderbuffer'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"72\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'bindFramebuffer'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"73\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'checkFramebufferStatus'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"74\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'framebufferRenderbuffer'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"75\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'framebufferTexture2D'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"76\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'getFramebufferAttachmentParameter'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"77\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'getRenderbufferParameter'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"78\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'renderbufferStorage'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"79\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"80\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Frame buffer operations (clear, blend, depth test, stencil)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"81\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"82\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'clear'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"83\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'depthFunc'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"84\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'blendFunc'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"85\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'blendFuncSeparate'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"86\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'blendEquation'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"87\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'blendEquationSeparate'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"88\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'stencilFunc'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"89\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'stencilFuncSeparate'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"90\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'stencilMaskSeparate'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"91\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'stencilOp'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"92\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'stencilOpSeparate'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"93\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"94\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Culling</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"95\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"96\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'cullFace'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"97\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'frontFace'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"98\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"99\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"100\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"101\"></td><td><pre> * Map of numbers to names.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"102\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@type</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Object<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"103\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"104\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> glEnums <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"105\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"106\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"107\"></td><td><pre> * Initializes this module. Safe to call more than once.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"108\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>!WebGLRenderingContext<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">ctx</span> A WebGL context. If</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"109\"></td><td><pre> * you have more than one context it doesn't matter which one</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"110\"></td><td><pre> * you pass in, it is only used to pull out constants.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"111\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"112\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">init</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">ctx</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"113\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>glEnums <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"114\"></td><td><pre> glEnums <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"115\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> propertyName <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"116\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">typeof</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token string\">'number'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"117\"></td><td><pre> glEnums<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"118\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"119\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"120\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"121\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"122\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"123\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"124\"></td><td><pre> * Checks the utils have been initialized.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"125\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"126\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">checkInit</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"127\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>glEnums <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"128\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">throw</span> <span class=\"token string\">'WebGLDebugUtils.init(ctx) not called'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"129\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"130\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"131\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"132\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"133\"></td><td><pre> * Returns true or false if value matches any WebGL enum</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"134\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">value</span> Value to check if it might be an enum.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"135\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>boolean<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> True if value matches one of the WebGL defined enums</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"136\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"137\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">mightBeEnum</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"138\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">checkInit</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"139\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>glEnums<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">!==</span> <span class=\"token keyword nil\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"140\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"141\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"142\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"143\"></td><td><pre> * Gets an string version of an WebGL enum.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"144\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"145\"></td><td><pre> * Example:</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"146\"></td><td><pre> * var str = WebGLDebugUtil.glEnumToString(ctx.getError());</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"147\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"148\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>number<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">value</span> Value to return an enum for</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"149\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> The string version of the enum.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"150\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"151\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">glEnumToString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"152\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">checkInit</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"153\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> name <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> glEnums<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"154\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>name <span class=\"token operator\">!==</span> <span class=\"token keyword nil\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> name <span class=\"token operator\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"155\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"*UNKNOWN WebGL ENUM (0x\"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">16</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token string\">\")\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"156\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"157\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"158\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"159\"></td><td><pre> * Returns the string version of a WebGL argument.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"160\"></td><td><pre> * Attempts to convert enum arguments to strings.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"161\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">functionName</span> the name of the WebGL function.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"162\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>number<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">argumentIndx</span> the index of the argument.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"163\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">value</span> The value of the argument.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"164\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> The value as a string.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"165\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"166\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">glFunctionArgToString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> argumentIndex<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> value</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"167\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> funcInfo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> glValidEnumContexts<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"168\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>funcInfo <span class=\"token operator\">!==</span> <span class=\"token keyword nil\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"169\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>funcInfo<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>argumentIndex<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"170\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token function\">glEnumToString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>value<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"171\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"172\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"173\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> value<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">toString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"174\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"175\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"176\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"177\"></td><td><pre> * Given a WebGL context returns a wrapped context that calls</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"178\"></td><td><pre> * gl.getError after every command and calls a function if the</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"179\"></td><td><pre> * result is not gl.NO_ERROR.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"180\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"181\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>!WebGLRenderingContext<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">ctx</span> The webgl context to</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"182\"></td><td><pre> * wrap.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"183\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>!<span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>err<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> funcName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">opt_onErrorFunc</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"184\"></td><td><pre> * The function to call when gl.getError returns an</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"185\"></td><td><pre> * error. If not specified the default function calls</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"186\"></td><td><pre> * console.log with a message.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"187\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"188\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">makeDebugContext</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> opt_onErrorFunc</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"189\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">init</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"190\"></td><td><pre> opt_onErrorFunc <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> opt_onErrorFunc <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">err<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> args</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"191\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// apparently we can't do args.join(\",\");</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"192\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> argStr <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">\"\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"193\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">length</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"194\"></td><td><pre> argStr <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ii <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> <span class=\"token string\">''</span> <span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string\">', '</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"195\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">glFunctionArgToString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"196\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"197\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"WebGL error \"</span><span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token function\">glEnumToString</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>err<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token string\">\" in \"</span><span class=\"token operator\">+</span> functionName <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"198\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"(\"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> argStr <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token string\">\")\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"199\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"200\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"201\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Holds booleans for each GL error so after we get the error ourselves</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"202\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// we can still return it to the client app.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"203\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> glErrorShadow <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"204\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"205\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Makes a function that calls a WebGL function and then calls getError.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"206\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">makeErrorWrapper</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> functionName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"207\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"208\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> result <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"209\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> err <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"210\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>err <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"211\"></td><td><pre> glErrorShadow<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>err<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"212\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">opt_onErrorFunc</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>err<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"213\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"214\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"215\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"216\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"217\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"218\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Make a an object that has a copy of every property of the WebGL context</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"219\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// but wraps all functions.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"220\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> wrapper <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"221\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> propertyName <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"222\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">typeof</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token string\">'function'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"223\"></td><td><pre> wrapper<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">makeErrorWrapper</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"224\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"225\"></td><td><pre> wrapper<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"226\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"227\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"228\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"229\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Override the getError function with one that returns our saved results.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"230\"></td><td><pre> wrapper<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">getError</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"231\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> err <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> glErrorShadow<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"232\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>glErrorShadow<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>err<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"233\"></td><td><pre> glErrorShadow<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>err<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"234\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"235\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"236\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"237\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">NO_ERROR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"238\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"239\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"240\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> wrapper<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"241\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"242\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"243\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">resetToInitialState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">ctx</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"244\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> numAttribs <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getParameter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">MAX_VERTEX_ATTRIBS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"245\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> tmp <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">createBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"246\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">bindBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">ARRAY_BUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> tmp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"247\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> numAttribs<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"248\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">disableVertexAttribArray</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"249\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">vertexAttribPointer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">FLOAT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"250\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">vertexAttrib1f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"251\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"252\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">deleteBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>tmp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"253\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"254\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> numTextureUnits <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getParameter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">MAX_TEXTURE_IMAGE_UNITS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"255\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> numTextureUnits<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"256\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">activeTexture</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">TEXTURE0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"257\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">bindTexture</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"258\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">bindTexture</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">TEXTURE_2D</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"259\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"260\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"261\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">activeTexture</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">TEXTURE0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"262\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">useProgram</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"263\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">bindBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">ARRAY_BUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"264\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">bindBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"265\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">bindFramebuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">FRAMEBUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"266\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">bindRenderbuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">RENDERBUFFER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"267\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">disable</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">BLEND</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"268\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">disable</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">CULL_FACE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"269\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">disable</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">DEPTH_TEST</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"270\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">disable</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">DITHER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"271\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">disable</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">SCISSOR_TEST</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"272\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">blendColor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"273\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">blendEquation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">FUNC_ADD</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"274\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">blendFunc</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">ONE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">ZERO</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"275\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clearColor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"276\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clearDepth</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"277\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clearStencil</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"278\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">colorMask</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"279\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">cullFace</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">BACK</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"280\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">depthFunc</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">LESS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"281\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">depthMask</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"282\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">depthRange</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"283\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">frontFace</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">CCW</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"284\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">hint</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">GENERATE_MIPMAP_HINT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">DONT_CARE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"285\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">lineWidth</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"286\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">pixelStorei</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">PACK_ALIGNMENT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"287\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">pixelStorei</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">UNPACK_ALIGNMENT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"288\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">pixelStorei</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">UNPACK_FLIP_Y_WEBGL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"289\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">pixelStorei</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">UNPACK_PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA_WEBGL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"290\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// TODO: Delete this IF.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"291\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">UNPACK_COLORSPACE_CONVERSION_WEBGL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"292\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">pixelStorei</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">UNPACK_COLORSPACE_CONVERSION_WEBGL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">BROWSER_DEFAULT_WEBGL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"293\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"294\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">polygonOffset</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"295\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">sampleCoverage</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"296\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">scissor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">canvas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">width</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">canvas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">height</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"297\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">stencilFunc</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">ALWAYS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0xFFFFFFFF</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"298\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">stencilMask</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0xFFFFFFFF</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"299\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">stencilOp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">KEEP</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">KEEP</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">KEEP</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"300\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">viewport</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">canvas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">clientWidth</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">canvas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">clientHeight</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"301\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clear</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">COLOR_BUFFER_BIT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"302\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"303\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// TODO: This should NOT be needed but Firefox fails with 'hint'</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"304\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">while</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"305\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"306\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"307\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">makeLostContextSimulatingContext</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">ctx</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"308\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> wrapper_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"309\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> contextId_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"310\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> contextLost_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"311\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> resourceId_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"312\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> resourceDb_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"313\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> onLost_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword nil\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"314\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> onRestored_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword nil\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"315\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> nextOnRestored_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword nil\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"316\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"317\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Holds booleans for each GL error so can simulate errors.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"318\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> glErrorShadow_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"319\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"320\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">isWebGLObject</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">obj</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"321\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">//return false;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"322\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebGLBuffer</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"323\"></td><td><pre> obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebGLFramebuffer</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"324\"></td><td><pre> obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebGLProgram</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"325\"></td><td><pre> obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebGLRenderbuffer</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"326\"></td><td><pre> obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebGLShader</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"327\"></td><td><pre> obj <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebGLTexture</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"328\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"329\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"330\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">checkResources</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">args</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"331\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">length</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"332\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> arg <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"333\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">isWebGLObject</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>arg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"334\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> arg<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">__webglDebugContextLostId__</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> contextId_<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"335\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"336\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"337\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"338\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"339\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"340\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">clearErrors</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"341\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> k <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token known-class-name class-name\">Object</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">keys</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>glErrorShadow_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"342\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> k<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">length</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"343\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">delete</span> glErrorShdow_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>k<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"344\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"345\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"346\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"347\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Makes a function that simulates WebGL when out of context.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"348\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">makeLostContextWrapper</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> functionName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"349\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> f <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"350\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"351\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Only call the functions if the context is not lost.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"352\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"353\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span><span class=\"token function\">checkResources</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"354\"></td><td><pre> glErrorShadow_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">INVALID_OPERATION</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"355\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"356\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"357\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> result <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"358\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> result<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"359\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"360\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"361\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"362\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"363\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> propertyName <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"364\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">typeof</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token string\">'function'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"365\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">makeLostContextWrapper</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"366\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"367\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>propertyName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"368\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"369\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"370\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"371\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">makeWebGLContextEvent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">statusMessage</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"372\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token literal-property property\">statusMessage</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> statusMessage<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"373\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"374\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"375\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">freeResources</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"376\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> resourceDb_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">length</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"377\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> resource <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> resourceDb_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"378\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebGLBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"379\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">deleteBuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"380\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebctxFramebuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"381\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">deleteFramebuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"382\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebctxProgram</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"383\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">deleteProgram</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"384\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebctxRenderbuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"385\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">deleteRenderbuffer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"386\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebctxShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"387\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">deleteShader</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"388\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource <span class=\"token keyword\">instanceof</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">WebctxTexture</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"389\"></td><td><pre> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">deleteTexture</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>resource<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"390\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"391\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"392\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"393\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"394\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">loseContext</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"395\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"396\"></td><td><pre> contextLost_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"397\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>contextId_<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"398\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">while</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"399\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">clearErrors</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"400\"></td><td><pre> glErrorShadow_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">CONTEXT_LOST_WEBGL</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"401\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">setTimeout</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"402\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>onLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"403\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">onLost_</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">makeWebGLContextEvent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"context lost\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"404\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"405\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"406\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"407\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"408\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"409\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">restoreContext</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"410\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"411\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>onRestored_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"412\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">setTimeout</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"413\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">freeResources</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"414\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">resetToInitialState</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"415\"></td><td><pre> contextLost_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"416\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>onRestored_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"417\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> callback <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> onRestored_<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"418\"></td><td><pre> onRestored_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> nextOnRestored_<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"419\"></td><td><pre> nextOnRestored_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword nil\">undefined</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"420\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">callback</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">makeWebGLContextEvent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"context restored\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"421\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"422\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"423\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"424\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">throw</span> <span class=\"token string\">\"You can not restore the context without a listener\"</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"425\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"426\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"427\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"428\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"429\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// Wrap a few functions specially.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"430\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">getError</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"431\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"432\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"433\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">while</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>err <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"434\"></td><td><pre> glErrorShadow_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>err<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"435\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"436\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"437\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> err <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> glErrorShadow_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"438\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>glErrorShadow_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>err<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"439\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">delete</span> glErrorShadow_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>err<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"440\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> err<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"441\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"442\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"443\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">NO_ERROR</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"444\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"445\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"446\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> creationFunctions <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"447\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"createBuffer\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"448\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"createFramebuffer\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"449\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"createProgram\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"450\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"createRenderbuffer\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"451\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"createShader\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"452\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"createTexture\"</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"453\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"454\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> creationFunctions<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">length</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"455\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> functionName <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> creationFunctions<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"456\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"457\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"458\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"459\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"460\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"461\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> obj <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"462\"></td><td><pre> obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">__webglDebugContextLostId__</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> contextId_<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"463\"></td><td><pre> resourceDb_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"464\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"465\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"466\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"467\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"468\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"469\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> functionsThatShouldReturnNull <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"470\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getActiveAttrib\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"471\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getActiveUniform\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"472\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getBufferParameter\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"473\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getContextAttributes\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"474\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getAttachedShaders\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"475\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getFramebufferAttachmentParameter\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"476\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getParameter\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"477\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getProgramParameter\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"478\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getProgramInfoLog\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"479\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getRenderbufferParameter\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"480\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getShaderParameter\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"481\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getShaderInfoLog\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"482\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getShaderSource\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"483\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getTexParameter\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"484\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getUniform\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"485\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getUniformLocation\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"486\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"getVertexAttrib\"</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"487\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"488\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> functionsThatShouldReturnNull<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">length</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"489\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> functionName <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> functionsThatShouldReturnNull<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"490\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"491\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"492\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"493\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"494\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"495\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"496\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"497\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"498\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"499\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"500\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> isFunctions <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"501\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"isBuffer\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"502\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"isEnabled\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"503\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"isFramebuffer\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"504\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"isProgram\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"505\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"isRenderbuffer\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"506\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"isShader\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"507\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"isTexture\"</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"508\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"509\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> isFunctions<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">length</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"510\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> functionName <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> isFunctions<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"511\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"512\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"513\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"514\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"515\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"516\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"517\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"518\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>functionName<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"519\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"520\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"521\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">checkFramebufferStatus</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"522\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"523\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"524\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">FRAMEBUFFER_UNSUPPORTED</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"525\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"526\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"527\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"528\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">checkFramebufferStatus</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"529\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"530\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">getAttribLocation</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"531\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"532\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"533\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"534\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"535\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"536\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"537\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">getAttribLocation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"538\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"539\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">getVertexAttribOffset</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"540\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"541\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"542\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"543\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"544\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">apply</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ctx<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> arguments<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"545\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"546\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">getVertexAttribOffset</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"547\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"548\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">isContextLost</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"549\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"550\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"551\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"552\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">wrapEvent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">listener</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"553\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">typeof</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>listener<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token string\">\"function\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"554\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> listener<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"555\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"556\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">info</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"557\"></td><td><pre> listener<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">handleEvent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>info<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"558\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"559\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"560\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"561\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"562\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">registerOnContextLostListener</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">listener</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"563\"></td><td><pre> onLost_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">wrapEvent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>listener<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"564\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"565\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"566\"></td><td><pre> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">registerOnContextRestoredListener</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">listener</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"567\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>contextLost_<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"568\"></td><td><pre> nextOnRestored_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">wrapEvent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>listener<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"569\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"570\"></td><td><pre> onRestored_ <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">wrapEvent</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>listener<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"571\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"572\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"573\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"574\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> wrapper_<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"575\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"576\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"577\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"578\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"579\"></td><td><pre> * Initializes this module. Safe to call more than once.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"580\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>!WebGLRenderingContext<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">ctx</span> A WebGL context. If</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"581\"></td><td><pre> * you have more than one context it doesn't matter which one</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"582\"></td><td><pre> * you pass in, it is only used to pull out constants.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"583\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"584\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'init'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> init<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"585\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"586\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"587\"></td><td><pre> * Returns true or false if value matches any WebGL enum</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"588\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">value</span> Value to check if it might be an enum.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"589\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>boolean<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> True if value matches one of the WebGL defined enums</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"590\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"591\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'mightBeEnum'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> mightBeEnum<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"592\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"593\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"594\"></td><td><pre> * Gets an string version of an WebGL enum.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"595\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"596\"></td><td><pre> * Example:</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"597\"></td><td><pre> * WebGLDebugUtil.init(ctx);</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"598\"></td><td><pre> * var str = WebGLDebugUtil.glEnumToString(ctx.getError());</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"599\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"600\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>number<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">value</span> Value to return an enum for</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"601\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> The string version of the enum.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"602\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"603\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'glEnumToString'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> glEnumToString<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"604\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"605\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"606\"></td><td><pre> * Converts the argument of a WebGL function to a string.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"607\"></td><td><pre> * Attempts to convert enum arguments to strings.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"608\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"609\"></td><td><pre> * Example:</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"610\"></td><td><pre> * WebGLDebugUtil.init(ctx);</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"611\"></td><td><pre> * var str = WebGLDebugUtil.glFunctionArgToString('bindTexture', 0, gl.TEXTURE_2D);</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"612\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"613\"></td><td><pre> * would return 'TEXTURE_2D'</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"614\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"615\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">functionName</span> the name of the WebGL function.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"616\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>number<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">argumentIndx</span> the index of the argument.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"617\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">value</span> The value of the argument.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"618\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> The value as a string.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"619\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"620\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'glFunctionArgToString'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> glFunctionArgToString<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"621\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"622\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"623\"></td><td><pre> * Given a WebGL context returns a wrapped context that calls</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"624\"></td><td><pre> * gl.getError after every command and calls a function if the</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"625\"></td><td><pre> * result is not NO_ERROR.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"626\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"627\"></td><td><pre> * You can supply your own function if you want. For example, if you'd like</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"628\"></td><td><pre> * an exception thrown on any GL error you could do this</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"629\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"630\"></td><td><pre> * function throwOnGLError(err, funcName, args) <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"631\"></td><td><pre> * throw WebGLDebugUtils.glEnumToString(err) + \" was caused by call to\" +</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"632\"></td><td><pre> * funcName;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"633\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"634\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"635\"></td><td><pre> * ctx = WebGLDebugUtils.makeDebugContext(</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"636\"></td><td><pre> * canvas.getContext(\"webgl\"), throwOnGLError);</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"637\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"638\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>!WebGLRenderingContext<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">ctx</span> The webgl context to wrap.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"639\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>!<span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>err<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> funcName<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">opt_onErrorFunc</span> The function</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"640\"></td><td><pre> * to call when gl.getError returns an error. If not specified the default</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"641\"></td><td><pre> * function calls console.log with a message.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"642\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"643\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'makeDebugContext'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> makeDebugContext<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"644\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"645\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"646\"></td><td><pre> * Given a WebGL context returns a wrapped context that adds 4</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"647\"></td><td><pre> * functions.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"648\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"649\"></td><td><pre> * ctx.loseContext:</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"650\"></td><td><pre> * simulates a lost context event.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"651\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"652\"></td><td><pre> * ctx.restoreContext:</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"653\"></td><td><pre> * simulates the context being restored.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"654\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"655\"></td><td><pre> * ctx.registerOnContextLostListener(listener):</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"656\"></td><td><pre> * lets you register a listener for context lost. Use instead</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"657\"></td><td><pre> * of addEventListener('webglcontextlostevent', listener);</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"658\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"659\"></td><td><pre> * ctx.registerOnContextRestoredListener(listener):</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"660\"></td><td><pre> * lets you register a listener for context restored. Use</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"661\"></td><td><pre> * instead of addEventListener('webglcontextrestored',</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"662\"></td><td><pre> * listener);</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"663\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"664\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>!WebGLRenderingContext<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">ctx</span> The webgl context to wrap.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"665\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"666\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'makeLostContextSimulatingContext'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> makeLostContextSimulatingContext<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"667\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"668\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"669\"></td><td><pre> * Resets a context to the initial state.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"670\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>!WebGLRenderingContext<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">ctx</span> The webgl context to</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"671\"></td><td><pre> * reset.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"672\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"673\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-property property\">'resetToInitialState'</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> resetToInitialState</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"674\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"675\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"676\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>webgl-utils.js</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">/*</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> * Copyright 2010, Google Inc.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> * All rights reserved.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> * met:</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> * * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> * distribution.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> * * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> * this software without specific prior written permission.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> * \"AS IS\" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre> * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> * OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre> * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre> * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre> * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre> * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@fileoverview</span> This file contains functions every webgl program will need</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> * a version of one way or another.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre> * Instead of setting up a context manually it is recommended to</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre> * use. This will check for success or failure. On failure it</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre> * will attempt to present an approriate message to the user.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre> * gl = WebGLUtils.setupWebGL(canvas);</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"42\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"43\"></td><td><pre> * For animated WebGL apps use of setTimeout or setInterval are</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"44\"></td><td><pre> * discouraged. It is recommended you structure your rendering</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"45\"></td><td><pre> * loop like this.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"46\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"47\"></td><td><pre> * function render() <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"48\"></td><td><pre> * window.requestAnimationFrame(render, canvas);</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"49\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"50\"></td><td><pre> * // do rendering</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"51\"></td><td><pre> * ...</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"52\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"53\"></td><td><pre> * render();</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"54\"></td><td><pre> *</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"55\"></td><td><pre> * This will call your rendering function up to the refresh rate</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"56\"></td><td><pre> * of your display but will stop rendering if your app is not</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"57\"></td><td><pre> * visible.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"58\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"59\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"60\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function-variable function\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">WebGLUtils</span></span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"61\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"62\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"63\"></td><td><pre> * Creates the HTLM for a failure message</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"64\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">canvasContainerId</span> id of container of th</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"65\"></td><td><pre> * canvas.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"66\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> The html.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"67\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"68\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">makeFailHTML</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">msg</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"69\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token string\">''</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"70\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'<div style=\"margin: auto; width:500px;z-index:10000;margin-top:20em;text-align:center;\">'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> msg <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token string\">'</div>'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"71\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token string\">''</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"72\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'<table style=\"background-color: #8CE; width: 100%; height: 100%;\"><tr>'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"73\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'<td align=\"center\">'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"74\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'<div style=\"display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle;\">'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"75\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'<div style=\"\">'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> msg <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token string\">'</div>'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"76\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'</div>'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"77\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'</td></tr></table>'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"78\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"79\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"80\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"81\"></td><td><pre> * Mesasge for getting a webgl browser</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"82\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@type</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"83\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"84\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token constant\">GET_A_WEBGL_BROWSER</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">''</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"85\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'This page requires a browser that supports WebGL.<br/>'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"86\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'<a href=\"http://get.webgl.org\">Click here to upgrade your browser.</a>'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"87\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"88\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"89\"></td><td><pre> * Mesasge for need better hardware</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"90\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@type</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>string<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"91\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"92\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token constant\">OTHER_PROBLEM</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">''</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"93\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">\"It doesn't appear your computer can support WebGL.<br/>\"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"94\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'<a href=\"http://get.webgl.org\">Click here for more information.</a>'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"95\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"96\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"97\"></td><td><pre> * Creates a webgl context. If creation fails it will</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"98\"></td><td><pre> * change the contents of the container of the <canvas></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"99\"></td><td><pre> * tag to an error message with the correct links for WebGL.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"100\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>Element<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span></span> The canvas element to create a</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"101\"></td><td><pre> * context from.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"102\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>WebGLContextCreationAttirbutes<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">opt_attribs</span> Any</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"103\"></td><td><pre> * creation attributes you want to pass in.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"104\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">opt_onError</span> An function to call</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"105\"></td><td><pre> * if there is an error during creation.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"106\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>WebGLRenderingContext<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> The created context.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"107\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"108\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">setupWebGL</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> opt_attribs<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> opt_onError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"109\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">handleCreationError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">msg</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"110\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> container <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">document</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getElementsByTagName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"body\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"111\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">//var container = canvas.parentNode;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"112\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>container<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"113\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> str <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">WebGLRenderingContext</span></span> <span class=\"token operator\">?</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"114\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token constant\">OTHER_PROBLEM</span> <span class=\"token operator\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"115\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token constant\">GET_A_WEBGL_BROWSER</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"116\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"117\"></td><td><pre> str <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token string\">\"<br/><br/>Status: \"</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> msg<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"118\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"119\"></td><td><pre> container<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">innerHTML</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">makeFailHTML</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>str<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"120\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"121\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"122\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"123\"></td><td><pre> opt_onError <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> opt_onError <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> handleCreationError<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"124\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"125\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">addEventListener</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"126\"></td><td><pre> canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">addEventListener</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"webglcontextcreationerror\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">event</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"127\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">opt_onError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>event<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">statusMessage</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"128\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"129\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"130\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> context <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">create3DContext</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> opt_attribs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"131\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"132\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span><span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\"><span class=\"token maybe-class-name\">WebGLRenderingContext</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"133\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">opt_onError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"134\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"135\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">opt_onError</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">\"\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"136\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"137\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"138\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"139\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> context<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"140\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"141\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"142\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"143\"></td><td><pre> * Creates a webgl context.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"144\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>!Canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">canvas</span> The canvas tag to get context</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"145\"></td><td><pre> * from. If one is not passed in one will be created.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"146\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@return</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>!WebGLContext<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> The created context.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"147\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"148\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">create3DContext</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> opt_attribs</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"149\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> names <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">\"webgl\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">\"experimental-webgl\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">\"webkit-3d\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">\"moz-webgl\"</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"150\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> context <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword null nil\">null</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"151\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> ii <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> names<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">length</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token operator\">++</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"152\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">try</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"153\"></td><td><pre> context <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getContext</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>names<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>ii<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> opt_attribs<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"154\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">catch</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>e<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"155\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>context<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"156\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">break</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"157\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"158\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"159\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> context<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"160\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"161\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"162\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"163\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">create3DContext</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> create3DContext<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"164\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token literal-property property\">setupWebGL</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> setupWebGL</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"165\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"166\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"167\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"168\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"169\"></td><td><pre> * Provides requestAnimationFrame in a cross browser</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"170\"></td><td><pre> * way.</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"171\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"172\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span><span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">requestAnimationFrame</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"173\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">requestAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"174\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">requestAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"175\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">webkitRequestAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"176\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">mozRequestAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"177\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">oRequestAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"178\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">msRequestAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"179\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token comment\">/* function FrameRequestCallback */</span> callback<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token comment\">/* DOMElement Element */</span> element<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"180\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">setTimeout</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>callback<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1000</span><span class=\"token operator\">/</span><span class=\"token number\">60</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"181\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"182\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"183\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"184\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"185\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/** * ERRATA: 'cancelRequestAnimationFrame' renamed to 'cancelAnimationFrame' to reflect an update to the W3C Animation-Timing Spec. </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"186\"></td><td><pre> * </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"187\"></td><td><pre> * Cancels an animation frame request. </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"188\"></td><td><pre> * Checks for cross-browser support, falls back to clearTimeout. </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"189\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>number<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">Animation</span> frame request. */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"190\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span><span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">cancelAnimationFrame</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"191\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">cancelAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">cancelRequestAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"192\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">webkitCancelAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">webkitCancelRequestAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"193\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">mozCancelAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">mozCancelRequestAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"194\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">msCancelAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">msCancelRequestAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"195\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">oCancelAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">oCancelRequestAnimationFrame</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"196\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token dom variable\">window</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">clearTimeout</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"197\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure>",
"tags": [
"WebGL",
"WebGL"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/2aaf59a8/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/2aaf59a8/",
"title": "WebGL学习（一）",
"date_published": "2023-03-15T01:47:20.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>参考书籍：《WebGL 编程指南》</p>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"canvas\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#canvas\">#</a> canvas</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"red\">canvas</span> 是<span class=\"red\"> HTML5</span> 新增标签，用于定义网页上的绘图区域，可以通过<span class=\"red\"> JavaScript</span> 代码在上面绘制图形</p>\n</blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"label primary\">关于 Canvas 更多信息请参考 MDN 相关文档</span><br />\n<span class=\"label primary\"> Canvas 简单使用示例</span></p>\n<figure class=\"highlight html\"><figcaption data-lang=\"HTML\"><span>HelloCanvas.html</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doctype\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><!</span><span class=\"token doctype-tag\">DOCTYPE</span> <span class=\"token name\">html</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>html</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">lang</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>en<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>head</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">charset</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>UTF-8<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">http-equiv</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>X-UA-Compatible<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">content</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>IE=edge<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">name</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>viewport<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">content</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>title</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>Hello Canvas<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>title</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>head</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>body</span> <span class=\"token special-attr\"><span class=\"token attr-name\">onload</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span><span class=\"token value javascript language-javascript\"><span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>canvas</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">id</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>webgl<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">width</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>400<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">height</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>400<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> Please use the browser supporting \"canvas\"</pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>canvas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/webgl-utils.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/webgl-debug.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/cuon-utils.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>HelloCanvas.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>body</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>html</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 canvas 元素</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> canvas <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">document</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getElementById</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'webgl'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 WebGL 绘图上下文（调用 cuon-util.js 中封装的方法）</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> gl <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">getWebGLContext</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to get the rendering context for WebGL'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 指定清空 canvas 的颜色</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clearColor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0.2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.6</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.8</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 清空 canvas</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clear</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">COLOR_BUFFER_BIT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><details class=\"info\"><summary>效果</summary><div>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/webgl-study/cVnIs68.png\" alt=\"HelloCanvas\" /></p>\n</div></details>\n<p>上述代码在 HTML 中定义了一个<span class=\"red\"> 400x400 的 canvas</span>，并通过 js 代码获取到了<span class=\"red\"> canvas 元素对象</span>以及其<span class=\"red\"> WebGL 绘图上下文对象</span>，通过<span class=\"red\"> WebGL 绘图上下文对象</span>以<span class=\"red\"> RBGA</span> 的形式设置了<span class=\"red\"> canvas</span> 的背景颜色，最后用之前设置的背景色清空<span class=\"red\"> canvas</span> 绘图区域。</p>\n<div class=\"note warning\">\n<p>一旦通过 clearColor 方法指定背景色后，背景色就会驻存在 WebGL 系统中，在下一次重新调用 clearColor 方法设置背景色前不会改变。</p>\n</div>\n<details class=\"primary\"><summary>clear方法说明</summary><div>\n<p>clear 用于清空指定缓冲区数据，它接受一个枚举类型的参数 buffer，具体说明如下：</p>\n<ol>\n<li>gl.COLOR_BUFFER_BIT：指定颜色缓冲区</li>\n<li>gl.DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT: 指定深度缓冲区</li>\n<li>gl.STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT: 指定模板缓冲区<br />\n返回值：无<br />\n错误：INVALID_VALUE - 缓冲区不是以上三种类型</li>\n</ol>\n<hr />\n<p>各缓冲区默认行为：<br />\n颜色缓冲区：相关函数 gl.clearColor (r, g, b, a)，默认值 (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)<br />\n 深度缓冲区：相关函数 gl.clearDepth (depth)，默认值 1.0<br />\n 模板缓冲区：相关函数 gl.clearStencil (s)，默认值 0</p>\n</div></details>\n<h2 id=\"初识着色器程序\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#初识着色器程序\">#</a> 初识着色器程序</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"red\">WebGL</span> 依赖于<span class=\"red\">着色器 (shader)</span> 机制进行绘图，在<span class=\"red\"> WebGL</span> 中<span class=\"red\">着色器程序</span>是<span class=\"red\">以字符串的形式嵌入在 JavaScript 代码中</span>的</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight html\"><figcaption data-lang=\"HTML\"><span>HelloPoint1.html</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doctype\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><!</span><span class=\"token doctype-tag\">DOCTYPE</span> <span class=\"token name\">html</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>html</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">lang</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>en<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>head</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">charset</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>UTF-8<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">http-equiv</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>X-UA-Compatible<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">content</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>IE=edge<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">name</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>viewport<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">content</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>title</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>Draw a point (1)<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>title</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>head</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>body</span> <span class=\"token special-attr\"><span class=\"token attr-name\">onload</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span><span class=\"token value javascript language-javascript\"><span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>canvas</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">id</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>webgl<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">width</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>400<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">height</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>400<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> Please use the browser supporting \"canvas\"</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>canvas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/webgl-utils.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/webgl-debug.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/cuon-utils.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>HelloPoint1.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>body</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>html</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>HelloPoint1.js 28</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">// 顶点着色器程序 (vertex shader program)</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token constant\">VSHADER_SOURCE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> </pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'void main() {\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> </pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">' gl_Position = vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置坐标</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">' gl_PointSize = 10.0;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置尺寸</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'}\\n'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">// 片元着色器程序 (Fragment shader program)</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token constant\">FSHADER_SOURCE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> </pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'void main() {\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">' gl_FragColor = vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置颜色</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'}\\n'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 canvans 元素</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> canvans <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">document</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getElementById</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'webgl'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 WebGL 上下文</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> gl <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">getWebGLContext</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>canvans<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to get the rendering context for WebGL'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 初始化着色器</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span><span class=\"token function\">initShaders</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">VSHADER_SOURCE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">FSHADER_SOURCE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to initialize shaders.'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置 canvas 颜色</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clearColor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 清空 canvas</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clear</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">COLOR_BUFFER_BIT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 绘制一个点</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">drawArrays</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">POINTS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><details class=\"info\"><summary>效果</summary><div>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/webgl-study/s7spqnB.png\" alt=\"HelloPoint1\" /></p>\n</div></details>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"red\">顶点着色器 (Vertex shader):</span> 用来描述顶点特性（如位置，颜色等）的程序。顶点是值二维或三维空间中的一个点，比如二维或三维图像的端点或交点。<br />\n<span class=\"red\">片元着色器 (Fragment shader):</span> 进行逐片元处理过程如光照的程序。片元是 WebGL 术语，可以将其理解为像素（图像的单元）。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<details class=\"primary\"><summary>WebGL渲染过程</summary><div>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/webgl-study/webgl-render-process.png\" alt=\"WebGL渲染过程\" /></p>\n</div></details>\n<div class=\"note primary\">\n<p>1.WebGL 程序包括两部分：运行在浏览器中的 JavaScript 和运行在 WebGL 系统的着色器程序<br />\n 2.WebGL 一般用于绘制三维图形，使用三维坐标。通常情况下 WebGL 中的坐标系是<span class=\"red\">右手坐标系</span>，<ins class=\"dot\">坐标原点是 canvas 绘图区域的正中心，x 轴正方向为向右，y 轴正方向为向上，z 轴正方向为垂直于屏幕向外</ins><br />\n 3.canvas 绘图区域的坐标原点在绘图区域的左上角，x 轴正方向为向右，y 轴正方向为向下</p>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"动态向着色器传输数据\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#动态向着色器传输数据\">#</a> 动态向着色器传输数据</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>之前的着色器程序中，点的位置、大小、颜色等信息都是硬编码的，缺乏可扩展性。我们需要动态从 JavaScript 程序中传递数据给着色器程序。<br />\n有两种方式可以做到这一点：<span class=\"red\">attribute 变量</span>和<span class=\"red\"> uniform 变量</span></p>\n</blockquote>\n<div class=\"note primary\">\n<ol>\n<li><span class=\"blue\">attribute 变量</span>：传输和顶点相关的数据</li>\n<li><span class=\"blue\">uniform 变量</span>：传输对于所有顶点都相同的数据或者和顶点无关的数据</li>\n</ol>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight html\"><figcaption data-lang=\"HTML\"><span>HelloPoint2.html</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doctype\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><!</span><span class=\"token doctype-tag\">DOCTYPE</span> <span class=\"token name\">html</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>html</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">lang</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>en<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>head</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">charset</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>UTF-8<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">http-equiv</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>X-UA-Compatible<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">content</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>IE=edge<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">name</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>viewport<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">content</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>title</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>Draw a point (2)<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>title</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>head</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>body</span> <span class=\"token special-attr\"><span class=\"token attr-name\">onload</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span><span class=\"token value javascript language-javascript\"><span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>canvas</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">id</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>webgl<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">width</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>400<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">height</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>400<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> Please use the browser supporting \"canvas\"</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>canvas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/webgl-utils.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/webgl-debug.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/cuon-utils.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>HelloPoint2.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>body</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>html</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>HelloPoint2.js</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">// 顶点着色器程序 (vertex shader program)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token constant\">VSHADER_SOURCE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> </pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'attribute vec4 a_Position;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'attribute float a_PointSize;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'void main() {\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">' gl_Position = a_Position;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置坐标</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">' gl_PointSize = a_PointSize;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置尺寸</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'}\\n'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">// 片元着色器程序 (Fragment shader program)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token constant\">FSHADER_SOURCE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'void main() {\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">' gl_FragColor = vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置颜色</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'}\\n'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 & lt;canvans > 元素</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> canvans <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">document</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getElementById</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'webgl'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 WebGL 上下文</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> gl <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">getWebGLContext</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>canvans<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to get the rendering context for WebGL'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 初始化着色器</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span><span class=\"token function\">initShaders</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">VSHADER_SOURCE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">FSHADER_SOURCE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to initialize shaders.'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 attribute 变量 a_Position 的存储地址</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> a_Position <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getAttribLocation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">program</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'a_Position'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_Position <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to get the storage location of a_Position'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"42\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 传输顶点大小（方式一）</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"43\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">vertexAttrib3f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_Position<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"44\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 传输顶点大小（方式二）</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"45\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// var positions = new Float32Array([0.5, 0.5, 0.0, 1.0])</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"46\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// gl.vertexAttrib4fv(a_Position, positions);</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"47\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"48\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"49\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 attribute 变量 a_PointSize 的存储地址</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"50\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> a_PointSize <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getAttribLocation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">program</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'a_PointSize'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"51\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_PointSize <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"52\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to get the storage location of a_PointSize'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"53\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"54\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"55\"></td><td><pre> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"56\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 传输顶点大小</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"57\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">vertexAttrib1f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_PointSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">200.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"58\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"59\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"60\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置 canvas 颜色</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"61\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clearColor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"62\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"63\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 清空 canvas</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"64\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clear</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">COLOR_BUFFER_BIT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"65\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"66\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 绘制一个点</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"67\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">drawArrays</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">POINTS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"68\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><details class=\"info\"><summary>效果</summary><div>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/webgl-study/msedge_qugtfgX54h.png\" alt=\"HelloPoint2\" /></p>\n</div></details>\n<details class=\"primary\"><summary>相关函数说明</summary><div>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"red\">getAttribLocation(program, name)</span>：获取 name 参数指定的 attribute 变量的存储地址。program 参数指定包含顶点着色器和片元着色器的着色器程序对象。name 参数指定要获取的 attribute 变量的名称。成功返回变量地址，失败返回 - 1。</li>\n<li><span class=\"red\">vertexAttrib3f(location, v0, v1, v2)</span>：将 (v0, v1, v2) 传递给 location 参数指定的 attribute 变量。location 参数指定要修改的 attribute 变量的地址，v0 指定填充 attribute 变量第一个分量的值，v1、v2 依次类推。它是一系列同族方法中的一个，类型的有 vertexAttrib1f、vertexAttrib2f、vertexAttrib4f。</li>\n<li><span class=\"red\">vertexAttrib4fv(location, position)</span>：vertexAttrib4f 方法的矢量版本（名称以 v 结尾），它接受类型化数组为参数。location 指定要修改的 attribute 变量的地址，position 是代表矢量的类型化数组</li>\n</ul>\n</div></details>\n<div class=\"note warning\">\n<p><ins class=\"dot\">attribute 变量只能在顶点着色器中使用，uniform 变量在顶点着色器和片元着色器中均可使用</ins>。</p>\n</div>\n<blockquote>\n<p>还可以通过 js 事件来动态传输数据到着色器中</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight html\"><figcaption data-lang=\"HTML\"><span>ColoredPoint.html</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doctype\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><!</span><span class=\"token doctype-tag\">DOCTYPE</span> <span class=\"token name\">html</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>html</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">lang</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>en<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>head</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">charset</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>UTF-8<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">http-equiv</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>X-UA-Compatible<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">content</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>IE=edge<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>meta</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">name</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>viewport<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">content</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>title</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span>Colored Points<span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>title</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>head</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>body</span> <span class=\"token special-attr\"><span class=\"token attr-name\">onload</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span><span class=\"token value javascript language-javascript\"><span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>canvas</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">id</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>webgl<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">width</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>400<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">height</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>400<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> Please use the browser supporting \"canvas\"</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>canvas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/webgl-utils.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/webgl-debug.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>../lib/cuon-utils.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"><</span>script</span> <span class=\"token attr-name\">src</span><span class=\"token attr-value\"><span class=\"token punctuation attr-equals\">=</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span>ColoredPoints.js<span class=\"token punctuation\">\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span><span class=\"token script\"></span><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>script</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>body</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token tag\"><span class=\"token punctuation\"></</span>html</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight js\"><figcaption data-lang=\"JavaScript\"><span>ColoredPoint.html</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">// 顶点着色器程序 (vertex shader program)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token constant\">VSHADER_SOURCE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'attribute vec4 a_Position;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'attribute float a_PointSize;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'void main() {\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">' gl_Position = a_Position;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置坐标</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">' gl_PointSize = a_PointSize;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置尺寸</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'}\\n'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">// 片元着色器程序 (Fragment shader program)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> <span class=\"token constant\">FSHADER_SOURCE</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> </pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'precision mediump float;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'uniform vec4 u_FragColor;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token comment\">//uniform 变量</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'void main() {\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">' gl_FragColor = u_FragColor;\\n'</span> <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置颜色</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string\">'}\\n'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">main</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 & lt;canvans > 元素</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> canvans <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token dom variable\">document</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getElementById</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'webgl'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 WebGL 上下文</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> gl <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">getWebGLContext</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>canvans<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to get the rendering context for WebGL'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 初始化着色器</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span><span class=\"token function\">initShaders</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">VSHADER_SOURCE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token constant\">FSHADER_SOURCE</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to initialize shaders.'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 a_Position 变量的存储位置</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> a_Position <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getAttribLocation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">program</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'a_Position'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_Position <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to get storage location of a_Position'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"42\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"43\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 a_PointSize 变量的存储位置</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"44\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> a_PointSize <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getAttribLocation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">program</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'a_PointSize'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"45\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_PointSize <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"46\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to get storage location of a_PointSize'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"47\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"48\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"49\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"50\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 获取 u_FragColor 变量的存储位置</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"51\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> u_FragColor <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getUniformLocation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">program</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'u_FragColor'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"52\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">!</span>u_FragColor<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"53\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token console class-name\">console</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Failed to get storage location of u_FragColor'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"54\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">return</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"55\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"56\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"57\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 传入 a_PointSize</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"58\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">vertexAttrib1f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_PointSize<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">10.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"59\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"60\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 设置 canvas 颜色</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"61\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clearColor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"62\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"63\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 清空 canvas</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"64\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clear</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">COLOR_BUFFER_BIT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"65\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"66\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 绘制一个点</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"67\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">drawArrays</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">POINTS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"68\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"69\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 注册鼠标点击事件响应函数</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"70\"></td><td><pre> canvans<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method-variable function-variable method function property-access\">onmousedown</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">ev</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"71\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token function\">click</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>ev<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> canvans<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> a_Position<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> u_FragColor<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"72\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"73\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"74\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"75\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"76\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> g_points <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 鼠标点击位置数组</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"77\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> g_colors <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 存储颜色的数组</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"78\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token doc-comment comment\">/**</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"79\"></td><td><pre> * 点击事件响应函数</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"80\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">ev</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"81\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">gl</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"82\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">canvans</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"83\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">a_Position</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"84\"></td><td><pre> * <span class=\"token keyword\">@param</span> <span class=\"token class-name\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">u_FragColor</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"85\"></td><td><pre> */</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"86\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">click</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">ev<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> a_Position<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> u_FragColor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"87\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> x <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ev<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">clientX</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 鼠标点击处 x 坐标</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"88\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> y <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ev<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">clientY</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 鼠标点击处 y 坐标</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"89\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> rect <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> ev<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">target</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">getBoundingClientRect</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"90\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"91\"></td><td><pre> x <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>x <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> rect<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">left</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">width</span><span class=\"token operator\">/</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">/</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">width</span><span class=\"token operator\">/</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"92\"></td><td><pre> y <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">height</span><span class=\"token operator\">/</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>y <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> rect<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">top</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">/</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>canvas<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">height</span><span class=\"token operator\">/</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"93\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 将坐标存储到 g_points 数组中</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"94\"></td><td><pre> g_points<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"95\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"96\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 将点的颜色存储到 g_colors 数组中</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"97\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>x <span class=\"token operator\">>=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> y <span class=\"token operator\">>=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 第一象限</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"98\"></td><td><pre> g_colors<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 红色</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"99\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">if</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>x <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span> <span class=\"token operator\">&&</span> y <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 第三象限</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"100\"></td><td><pre> g_colors<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 绿色</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"101\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">else</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 其他象限</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"102\"></td><td><pre> g_colors<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 白色</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"103\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"104\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"105\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 清除 canvas</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"106\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">clear</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">COLOR_BUFFER_BIT</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"107\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"108\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> len <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> g_points<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token property-access\">length</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"109\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword control-flow\">for</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> i<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> len<span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> i<span class=\"token operator\">++</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"110\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> xy <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> g_points<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"111\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">var</span> rgba <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> g_colors<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"112\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"113\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 将点的位置传递到变量 a_Position 中</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"114\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">vertexAttrib3f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a_Position<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> xy<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> xy<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0.0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"115\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 将点的颜色传递到变量 u_FragColor 中</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"116\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">uniform4f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>u_FragColor<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rgba<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rgba<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>rgba<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> rgba<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"117\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"118\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\">// 绘制点</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"119\"></td><td><pre> gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token method function property-access\">drawArrays</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>gl<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token constant\">POINTS</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"120\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"121\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><details class=\"info\"><summary>效果</summary><div>\n<p><img data-src=\"https://cdn.unistart.top/blog/webgl-study/msedge_t5BmKl5bhp.png\" alt=\"ColoredPoint\" /></p>\n</div></details>\n<details class=\"primary\"><summary>相关函数说明</summary><div>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"blue\">getUniformLocation(program, name)</span>: 获取 name 指定的 uniform 变量的地址。program 参数指定着色器程序对象，name 参数指定要获取的 uniform 变量名称。成功返回 uniform 变量地址，失败返回 null。</li>\n<li><span class=\"blue\">uniform4f(location, v0, v1, v2, v3)</span>：将数据 (v0, v1, v2, v3) 传递给 location 参数指定的 uniform 变量。它也是一系列同组方法中的一个，类似的有 uniform1f、uniform2f、uniform3f。</li>\n</ul>\n</div></details>\n",
"tags": [
"WebGL",
"WebGL"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/fc4990cc/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/fc4990cc/",
"title": "MySQL8 安装",
"date_published": "2023-03-08T09:36:03.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>OS：OpenCloudOS 8.6（兼容 CentOS 8）<br />\n安装方式：使用 yum 安装 MySQL8</p>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"安装mysql-yum仓库\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#安装mysql-yum仓库\">#</a> 安装 MySQL Yum 仓库</h2>\n<p>去<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9kZXYubXlzcWwuY29tL2Rvd25sb2Fkcy9yZXBvL3l1bS8=\"> MySQL Yum Repository</span> 下载需要的 yum 仓库</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">#wget https://repo.mysql.com//your-mysql-yum-repository.rpm</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">wget</span> https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el8-4.noarch.rpm</pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>然后安装下载好的 yum 仓库</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">rpm</span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-ivh</span> mysql80-community-release-el8-4.noarch.rpm</pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"安装mysql-server\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#安装mysql-server\">#</a> 安装 MySQL Server</h2>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>yum <span class=\"token function\">install</span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-y</span> mysql-server</pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"启动mysql\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#启动mysql\">#</a> 启动 MySQL</h2>\n<ol>\n<li>在 Linux 机器启动 MySQL 服务端，并以后台的形式运行</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 启动 MySQL Server 服务</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>systemctl start mysqld.service</pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"2\">\n<li>查看 MySQL Server 服务的状态</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 查看 MySQL Server 服务的状态</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>systemctl status mysqld.service</pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>如果看到 Active: <span class=\"green\">active (running)</span> 说明 MySQL 服务端后台启动成功<br />\n 3. 查看 MySQL 启动时生成默认密码</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 不同 MySQL 版本，可能路径有一点不同</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token function\">grep</span> <span class=\"token string\">\"password\"</span> /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log</pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"4\">\n<li>连接到 MySQL 服务端</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># mysql 默认创建的用户名是 root</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 如果上一步看到的默认密码是空，直接不输入密码回车就好</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>mysql <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-uroot</span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-p</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"5\">\n<li>修改默认密码</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight shell\"><figcaption data-lang=\"Bash\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>ALTER <span class=\"token environment constant\">USER</span> <span class=\"token string\">'root'</span>@<span class=\"token string\">'localhost'</span> IDENTIFIED BY <span class=\"token string\">'new password'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure>",
"tags": [
"MySQL",
"MySQL"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/41a47f87/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/41a47f87/",
"title": "Ruby元编程（三）",
"date_published": "2023-02-26T01:49:20.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>参考书籍《Ruby 元编程（第二版）》<br />\nRuby 版本：书上使用的是 2.x，自己使用的 3.1.2</p>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"动态调用方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#动态调用方法\">#</a> 动态调用方法</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>使用 [Object#send] 可以进行动态调用方法。<span class=\"red\">send 方法</span>的第一个参数是要调用的方法名字（可以是字符串或符号），剩下的参数和代码块会直接传递给调用的方法，这样可以在代码运行的最后一刻决定调用那个方法，这个技巧被称为<span class=\"red\">动态派发</span>（Dynamic Dispatch）</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>示例代码</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">my_method</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>my_arg<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> my_arg <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre>obj <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 常规调用方式</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre>p obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>my_method<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 6</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 使用 send 方法进行动态调用</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre>p obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>send<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token symbol\">:my_method</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 6</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"动态定义方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#动态定义方法\">#</a> 动态定义方法</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>使用<span class=\"red\"> Module#define_method</span> 方法可以随时定义一个方法，<ins class=\"dot\">只需要提供一个方法名和充当方法主体的块</ins>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>示例代码</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass2</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 动态定义了 my_method 方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">define_method</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">:my_method</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>my_arg<span class=\"token operator\">|</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> my_arg <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre>obj2 <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre>p obj2<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>my_method<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 6</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"幽灵方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#幽灵方法\">#</a> 幽灵方法</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p><ins class=\"wavy\">在 Ruby 中，编译器并不检查方法的调用行为</ins>，这意味着可以带调用一个并不存在的方法。<br />\n当在对象上调用方法时，如果该方法在<span class=\"red\">祖先链</span>上找不到，那么就会调用<span class=\"red\"> method_missing</span> 方法，它是<span class=\"red\"> BasicObject</span> 的一个私有实例方法，<ins class=\"dot\">默认行为是抛出<span class=\"red\"> NoMethodError</span> 错误</ins>。<br />\n我们可以通过重写<span class=\"red\"> method_missing</span> 方法，<ins class=\"dot\">来拦截那些实际不存在的方法</ins>，达到实现<span class=\"red\">幽灵方法</span>（Ghost Method）的效果。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>示例代码</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Lawyer</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">something</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>nick <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Lawyer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre>nick<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>talk_simple <span class=\"token comment\"># 运行时抛出异常: NoMethodError</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 重写 method_missing 方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Lawyer2</span> </pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">method_missing</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"Your call: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">method</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> (</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">args<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>join<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">', '</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">)\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"(You also passed it a block)\"</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> block_given<span class=\"token operator\">?</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre>bob <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Lawyer2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre>bob<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>talk_simple<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'a'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'b'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span> </pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># a block</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">#=> 输出结果如下：</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"Your call: talk_simple (a, b)\"</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"(You also passed it a block)\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"respond_to方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#respond_to方法\">#</a> respond_to? 方法</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>使用<span class=\"red\"> respond_to?</span> 方法可以询问一个对象是否有对应的方法。<br />\n当询问对象是否存在一个<span class=\"red\">幽灵方法</span>时，会再次调用<span class=\"red\"> respond_to_missing?</span> 方法，将其结果作为返回值返回，这个方法是一个<span class=\"red\">钩子方法</span>（Hook Method），默认实现是返回 false，当使用 [method_missing] 处理幽灵方法时，<ins class=\"dot\">一般就需要对其进行重写</ins>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>示例代码</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Demo</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">method_missing</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 只处理名称为 hello 的幽灵方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">super</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> name<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>to_s <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'hello'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"method name: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">name</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, args: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">args</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 实际存在的一个方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">test</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre>a <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Demo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"respond_to: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">a<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>respond_to<span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'test'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> true</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 在调用 respond_to? 方法时，如果方法是一个幽灵方法，它会调用 respond_to_missing? 方法确定返回值</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"respond_to: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">a<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>respond_to<span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'hello'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> false</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 重写 respond_to_missing? 方法之后</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Demo</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">method_missing</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 只处理名称为 hello 的幽灵方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">super</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> name<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>to_s <span class=\"token operator\">!=</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'hello'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"method name: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">name</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, args: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">args</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 实际存在的一个方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">test</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 重写 respond_to_missing? 方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 只对名为 hello 的幽灵方法返回 true</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">respond_to_missing</span></span><span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>method<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> include_private<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> method <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">:hello</span> <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">super</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre>a <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Demo</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"respond_to: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">a<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>respond_to<span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'test'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> true</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"42\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 当询问的幽灵方法名为 hello 时，返回 true</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"43\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"respond_to: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">a<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>respond_to<span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'hello'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> true</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"44\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 否则，返回 false</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"45\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"respond_to: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">a<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>respond_to<span class=\"token operator\">?</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'hello2'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">\"</span></span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> false</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"白板类\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#白板类\">#</a> 白板类</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"red\">白板类</span>是对幽灵方法的完善，如果<span class=\"red\">幽灵方法</span>和一个<span class=\"red\">真实方法</span>同名，那么<span class=\"red\">幽灵方法</span>会被忽略。<br />\n如果不需要继承来的方法（真实方法），可以通过删除它来解决问题，<ins class=\"dot\">这种拥有极少数方法的类称为<span class=\"red\">白板类</span></ins>（Blank Slate）。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>实现方式一：</p>\n<ol>\n<li>通过继承<span class=\"red\"> BasicObject 类</span>，因为其只有少数几个实例方法。</li>\n<li>通过自定义<span class=\"red\">白班类</span>实现，这样可以确保实例方法的名称不会和自己要使用的幽灵方法重名。</li>\n</ol>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>实现方式二：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>示例代码</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Test</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">method_missing</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>method<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">case</span> method</pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">when</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">:display</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'Display method (Ghost Method)'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre>t <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Test</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre>t<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>display <span class=\"token comment\">#=> nil</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 上面返回 nil 是因为 Test 类自动继承自 Object 类，而 Object 中已经有一个 display 方法了，它回返回 nil</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token builtin\">Object</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>methods<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>grep<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token regex-literal\"><span class=\"token regex\">/^display/</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [:display]</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>1、使用<span class=\"red\"> Module#undef_method</span> 方法：<ins class=\"dot\">可以删除（包括继承而来的）所有方法</ins>。</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>使用undef_method删除方法</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">BlankSlate</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">hide</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 删除了继承自 Object 的 display 方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> undef_method name <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> name <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">:display</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> instance_methods<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">each</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>m<span class=\"token operator\">|</span> hide<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>m<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Test</span> <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> BlankSlate</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">method_missing</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>method<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">case</span> method</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">when</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">:display</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'Display method (Ghost Method)'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> t <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Test</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>display <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"Display method (Ghost Method)\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>2、使用<span class=\"red\"> Module#remove_method</span> 方法：<ins class=\"dot\">只能删除当前类中定义的方法</ins>。</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>使用remove_method删除方法</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Test</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">hide</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 删除了当前类 Test 中的实例方法 current</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> remove_method<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> name <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">:current</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">method_missing</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>method<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">case</span> method</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">when</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">:current</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'Current method (Ghost Method)'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">current</span></span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"current method...\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> instance_methods<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">each</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>m<span class=\"token operator\">|</span> hide<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>m<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre>t <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Test</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre>t<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>current <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"Current method (Ghost Method)\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>\n</ul>\n",
"tags": [
"Ruby",
"Ruby",
"Metaprogramming"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/cbadcd5/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/cbadcd5/",
"title": "Ruby元编程（二）",
"date_published": "2023-02-24T03:48:39.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>参考书籍《Ruby 元编程（第二版）》<br />\nRuby 版本：书上使用的是 2.x，自己使用的 3.1.2</p>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"关于self和私有方法调用之间的问题\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#关于self和私有方法调用之间的问题\">#</a> 关于 self 和私有方法调用之间的问题</h2>\n<h3 id=\"ruby27之前版本\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#ruby27之前版本\">#</a> Ruby2.7 之前版本</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>在<span class=\"red\"> Ruby 2.7 之前</span>，可以<ins class=\"dot\">使用 self 调用一个私有写入 / 赋值方法</ins>，<ins class=\"dot\">但是使用 self 调用任何其他私有方法将抛出<span class=\"blue\"> NoMethodError</span></ins>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<p>示例如下：</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>ruby2.7以前</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Counter</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">reset</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>count <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 允许调用</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>count <span class=\"token comment\"># 抛出异常</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">private</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> attr_accessor <span class=\"token symbol\">:count</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Counter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>reset</pre></td></tr></table></figure><p>上面的示例执行 <code>self.count = 0</code> 语句时，不会出现问题，但是执行到 <code>puts self.count</code> 语句时就会抛出<span class=\"blue\"> NoMethodError</span> 错误。<span class=\"hint--info hint--rounded hint--top\" data-hint=\"这和Java/Python等编程语言中的this/self的用法不一致\" ontouchstart>这种前后不一致的行为让人感到十分困惑</span>。</p>\n<h3 id=\"ruby27及以后版本\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#ruby27及以后版本\">#</a> Ruby2.7 及以后版本</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>在<span class=\"red\"> Ruby 2.7</span> 版本，Ruby 修复这种让人感到困惑的不一致行为。换而言之，从<span class=\"red\"> Ruby 2.7</span> 开始，可以使用 self 调用任何私有方法，就像其他语言那样。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>ruby2.7及以后</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Counter</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">reset</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>count <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 允许调用</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>count <span class=\"token comment\"># 允许调用</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">private</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> attr_accessor <span class=\"token symbol\">:count</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token class-name\">Counter</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>reset</pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"细化refine\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#细化refine\">#</a> 细化（Refine）</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>使用<span class=\"red\">打开类</span>的方式扩展代码，有一个很明显的问题：修改时全局性的，很有可能无意中影响其他代码的正常使用。但通过<span class=\"red\">细化</span>的方式可以使修改只作用于局部，很好的解决了之前的问题。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<h3 id=\"细化的定义方式\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#细化的定义方式\">#</a> 细化的定义方式</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>使用<span class=\"red\">细化</span>，首先需要先定一个模块，然后在这个模块的定义中调用<span class=\"red\"> refine</span> 方法。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>示例代码</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">StringExtentions</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> refine <span class=\"token builtin\">String</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">something</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"something...\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id=\"通过using让细化生效\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#通过using让细化生效\">#</a> 通过 using 让细化生效</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>在上述代码中，为<span class=\"red\"> String 类</span>添加了一个<span class=\"red\"> something 方法</span>，但<span class=\"red\">细化</span>在默认情况下并不生效，需要使用<span class=\"red\"> using</span> 让修改生效。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>示例代码</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">StringExtentions</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> refine <span class=\"token builtin\">String</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">something</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"something...\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 在当前文件内生效</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre>using StringExtentions</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"My Something\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>something <span class=\"token comment\">#=> something...</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>从<span class=\"red\"> Ruby 2.1</span> 开始，可以在一个模块内调用<span class=\"red\"> using</span> 方法，此时<span class=\"red\">细化</span>的作用范围仅限于当前模块。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>示例代码</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">StringExtentions</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> refine <span class=\"token builtin\">String</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 为 String 类修改了 reverse 方法的定义</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">reverse</span></span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"My reverse method...\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">StringStuff</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 在 StringStuff 模块内生效</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> using StringExtentions</pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"test\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>reverse <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"My reverse method...\"</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 出 StringStuff 模块失效</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"test\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>reverse <span class=\"token comment\">#=> \"tset\"</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure>",
"tags": [
"Ruby",
"Ruby",
"Metaprogramming"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/c0d30721/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/c0d30721/",
"title": "多个Github Pages设置",
"date_published": "2023-01-01T13:40:44.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>参考<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9zZWdtZW50ZmF1bHQuY29tL2EvMTE5MDAwMDAwMzk0Njk2OQ==\">单个 GitHub 帐号下添加多个 GitHub Pages 的相关问题</span><br />\n参考<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly9kb2NzLmdpdGh1Yi5jb20vemgvcGFnZXMvZ2V0dGluZy1zdGFydGVkLXdpdGgtZ2l0aHViLXBhZ2VzL2Fib3V0LWdpdGh1Yi1wYWdlcw==\"> Github Pages Docs</span></p>\n</div>\n<h1 id=\"概述\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#概述\">#</a> 概述</h1>\n<ul>\n<li>GitHub Pages 分为: <span class=\"red\">用户 / 组织主页</span>以及<span class=\"red\">项目主页</span></li>\n<li><span class=\"red\">用户主页或组织主页</span>分别都只能存在一个<span class=\"red\"> repo</span>，而<span class=\"red\">项目主页</span>则没有<span class=\"red\"> repo</span> 数量限制</li>\n<li>若要发布<span class=\"red\">用户主页</span>，必须创建名为<span class=\"red\"> <username>.github.io</span> 的 repo; 若要发布<span class=\"red\">组织主页</span>，必须创建名为<span class=\"red\"> <organization>.github.io</span> 的 repo; 而<span class=\"red\">项目主页</span>的仓库则<span class=\"red\">没有名称限制</span></li>\n<li><span class=\"red\">用户主页</span>默认域名形式为<span class=\"red\"> <username>.github.io</span></li>\n<li><span class=\"red\">组织主页</span>默认域名形式为<span class=\"red\"> <organization>.github.io </span></li>\n<li><span class=\"red\">项目主页</span>默认域名形式为<span class=\"red\"> <username>.github.io/<repository></span> 或者<span class=\"red\"> <organization>.github.io/<repository></span></li>\n<li><span class=\"red\">用户主页或组织主页</span>的展示内容以<span class=\"red\">主分支</span> (<span class=\"red\">master</span> 分支或<span class=\"red\"> main</span> 分支) 里的文件为准；而<span class=\"red\">项目主页</span>的展示内容以<span class=\"red\"> gh-pages</span> 分支内的文件为准</li>\n</ul>\n<h1 id=\"示例\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#示例\">#</a> 示例</h1>\n<blockquote>\n<p>以部署一个<span class=\"red\"> VuePress</span> 项目主页为例</p>\n</blockquote>\n<ol>\n<li>参考<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly92Mi52dWVwcmVzcy52dWVqcy5vcmcvemgvZ3VpZGUv\"> VuePress 指南</span>在本地建立好项目</li>\n<li>建立一个 Github 仓库，取名任意</li>\n<li>参考<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly92Mi52dWVwcmVzcy52dWVqcy5vcmcvemgvZ3VpZGUvZGVwbG95bWVudC5odG1s\"> VuePress 部署</span>部署项目到 Github 上\n<ul>\n<li>注意在<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly92Mi52dWVwcmVzcy52dWVqcy5vcmcvemgvZ3VpZGUvY29uZmlndXJhdGlvbi5odG1s\">配置文件</span>中设置正确的<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly92Mi52dWVwcmVzcy52dWVqcy5vcmcvemgvcmVmZXJlbmNlL2NvbmZpZy5odG1sI2Jhc2U=\"> base</span> 选项，在该示例中 <code>base</code> 应为 <code>第2步建立的仓库名</code></li>\n<li>编写 <code>GitHub Actions</code> 工作流</li>\n<li>推送 <code>本地仓库</code> 到 <code>GitHub远程仓库</code></li>\n<li>进入 <code>GitHub项目仓库</code> 找到 <code>Settings</code> 下的 <code>Pages</code> ，修改 <code>Build and deployment</code> 下的 <code>branch</code> 选项为 <code>gh-pages</code> （此操作会触发 GitHub Actions 进行重新部署）</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>访问部署好的页面 ( <code>Github项目仓库</code> 的 <code>Settings</code> 下的 <code>Pages</code> 页面可以看到)</li>\n</ol>\n<h1 id=\"github-actions工作流参考\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#github-actions工作流参考\">#</a> GitHub Actions 工作流参考</h1>\n<blockquote>\n<p>在本地项目根目录下新建 <code>.github/workflows/docs.yml</code> 文件来设置 <code>工作流</code> <br />\n下面的 <code>工作流示例</code> 和<span class=\"exturl\" data-url=\"aHR0cHM6Ly92Mi52dWVwcmVzcy52dWVqcy5vcmcvemgvZ3VpZGUvZGVwbG95bWVudC5odG1sI2dpdGh1Yi1wYWdlcw==\"> VuePress 官方写的工作流</span>写的略有不同，官方使用的 <code>pnpm</code> 作为包管理器，而 <code>工作流示例</code> 直接使用 <code>Node.js</code> 自带的 <code>npm</code> ，而且新增一步安装 <code>vuepress@next</code> 依赖（针对使用 <code>VuePrss 2.x</code> 版本）,<br />\n <code>构建脚本步骤</code> 也进行了修改</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight yaml\"><figcaption data-lang=\"YAML\"><span>docs.yaml</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Build and Deploy</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token key atrule\">on</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 每当 push 到 main 分支时触发部署</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">branches</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 手动触发部署</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">workflow_dispatch</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token key atrule\">jobs</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">build-and-deploy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">runs-on</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> ubuntu<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>latest</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">steps</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Checkout </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">uses</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> actions/checkout@v3</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">with</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># “最近更新时间” 等 git 日志相关信息，需要拉取全部提交记录</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">fetch-depth</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Setup Node.js</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">uses</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> actions/setup<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>node@v3</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">with</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 选择要使用的 node 版本</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">node-version</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">16</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 缓存 npm 依赖</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">cache</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> npm</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 安装 VuePress（基于 VuePress 2.x）</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Install VuePress</pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">run</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> npm install <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>D vuepress@next</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 运行构建脚本（使用 npm 命令）</span></pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Build VuePress site</pre></td></tr><tr class=\"marked\"><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">run</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> npm run docs<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>build</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 查看 workflow 的文档来获取更多信息</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"38\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># @see https://github.com/crazy-max/ghaction-github-pages</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"39\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Deploy to GitHub Pages</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"40\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">uses</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> crazy<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>max/ghaction<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>github<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>pages@v2</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"41\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">with</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"42\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 部署到 gh-pages 分支</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"43\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">target_branch</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> gh<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>pages</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"44\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># 部署目录为 VuePress 的默认输出目录</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"45\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">build_dir</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> docs/.vuepress/dist</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"46\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">env</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"47\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token comment\"># @see https://docs.github.com/cn/actions/reference/authentication-in-a-workflow#about-the-github_token-secret</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"48\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token key atrule\">GITHUB_TOKEN</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> $<<span class=\"token tag\">!--swig</span>0<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">></span></pre></td></tr></table></figure>",
"tags": [
"Github",
"Github",
"Github Pages"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/fc6fd6b9/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/fc6fd6b9/",
"title": "Ruby元编程（一）",
"date_published": "2022-11-28T08:38:48.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>参考书籍《Ruby 元编程（第二版）》<br />\nRuby 版本：书上使用的是 2.x，自己使用的 3.1.2</p>\n</div>\n<h2 id=\"打开类\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#打开类\">#</a> 打开类</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Ruby 中的<span class=\"red\"> class 关键字只有在第一次使用时是作为类型声明</span>语句使用，用于定义一个目前不存在的类。<br />\n<span class=\"red\">对于已经存在的类，class 关键字的作用更像是一个作用域操作符</span>，把你带到类的上下文中，让你可以在里面定义方法。<br />\n这种重新打开已有类并对之进行动态修改的方式就称为<ins class=\"dot red\">打开类</ins>。<br />\n在 Ruby 中<ins class=\"wavy\">标准库中的类也是可以重新打开的</ins>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<ol>\n<li>打开类的实例</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>打开类</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># monetize 是 Ruby 中一个管理资金和现金的工具类</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 没有安装过这个包的话可以使用 gem install 命名安装</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">require</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"monetize\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 创建 Money 对象</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>bargain_price <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Monetize<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_numeric<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">99</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"USD\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre>bargain_price<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>format</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 这个类库还提供了一种便捷形式：</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 可以通过 Numeric#to_money 方法，把任意数值转为一个 Money 对象</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre>standard_price <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">100.</span>to_money<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"USD\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre>standard_price<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>format</pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>monetize 包就是通过<span class=\"red\">打开类</span>的方式，对 Numeric 这个 Ruby 标准类进行扩展的。<br />\n在 <span class=\"red\">gems/monetize-1.12.0/lib/monetize/core_extensions/numberic.rb</span> 中可以找到如下代码</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Numeric</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">to_money</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>currency <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">nil</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> Monetize<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>from_numeric<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> currency <span class=\"token operator\">||</span> Money<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>default_currency<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"2\">\n<li>打开类的问题</li>\n</ol>\n<blockquote>\n<p>对标准库类来说，虽然使用<span class=\"red\">打开类</span>的情况是常见的，但是要注意<span class=\"red\">在打开类时<ins class=\"dot\">不要定义和类库中同名的方法</ins></span>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 假如你打开了 Array 类并定义 replace 方法，用于对数组中的元素进行替换</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">Array</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">replace</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>original<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> replacement<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">self</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>map <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>e<span class=\"token operator\">|</span> e <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> original <span class=\"token operator\">?</span> replcement <span class=\"token operator\">:</span> e <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>因为<span class=\"red\"> Array</span> 类中原来就有<span class=\"red\"> replace</span> 方法，在打开类中定义<span class=\"red\"> replace</span> 方法时，就会覆盖原有的<span class=\"red\"> replace</span> 方法。<br />\n<ins class=\"dot\">可能导致依赖原有<span class=\"red\"> replace</span> 方法的一些库、代码块出现异常或错误</ins>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<h2 id=\"实例变量-方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#实例变量-方法\">#</a> 实例变量、方法</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>和<span class=\"red\"> Java</span> 这样的静态语言不同，<span class=\"red\">Ruby</span> 中<ins class=\"dot\">对象的类和它的实例变量没有关系</ins>。<br />\n当对象调用方法并给实例变量赋值时，才会产生在对象中。因此，<ins class=\"blue wavy\">同一个类创建的不同对象可能会有不同的实例变量</ins>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>实例变量和类</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># Ruby 中实例变量以 \"@\" 符号开头</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># initialize 方法作用类似于 Java 类中的构造方法，只能显示定义一次，不能像 Java 中进行方法重载</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token variable\">@filed1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">initialize</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token variable\">@filed2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre>obj <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>instance_variables<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> []</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token variable\">@filed1</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">initialize</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token variable\">@field2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 产生实例变量 @filed2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre>obj2 <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>obj2<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>instance_variables<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [:@field2]</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>除了实例变量外，对象还有方法。通过 Oject#methods 方法，可以获得一个对象的方法列表。<br />\n但实际上，<ins class=\"red wavy\">一个对象仅包含它的实例变量和其所属类的引用</ins>。<ins class=\"dot\">而<span class=\"blue\">方法是存在对象的类中</span>，这也是同一个类的对象共享相同方法的原因</ins>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight text\"><figcaption data-lang=\"text\"><span>对象、方法和类的关系图</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>+------------+ class +-------------+</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>| obj +-------->| SomeClass |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>+------------+ +-------------+</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre>| | | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>| @filed = 1 | | method1 |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre>| | | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre>| .... | | ... |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre>| | | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre>+------------+ | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> +-------------+</pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"类的本质\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#类的本质\">#</a> 类的本质</h2>\n<h3 id=\"类是class的对象\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#类是class的对象\">#</a> 类是 Class 的对象</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p><ins class=\"dot\"><span class=\"red\">类本身也是对象</span></ins>，类像其他对象一样，也有自己的类，叫做<span class=\"red\"> Class</span>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"hello\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> String</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token builtin\">String</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> Class</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>把<span class=\"red\">类</span>看作<span class=\"red\"> Class</span> 的对象的话，那么<span class=\"red\">一个类中的方法就是 Class 的实例方法</span>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># false 表示忽略继承的方法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token builtin\">Class</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>instance_methods<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token boolean\">false</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [:allocate, :superclass, :subclasses, :new]</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>Ruby 中除<span class=\"red\"> BasicObject</span> 这个最顶层类没有父类以外，其他类都有自己的父类，像<span class=\"red\"> Array 类</span>的父类是<span class=\"red\"> Object 类</span>，<span class=\"red\">Object 类</span>的父类是<span class=\"red\"> BasicObject 类</span>。<br />\n而<ins class=\"dot\"> Class 的父类是<span class=\"red\"> Module</span></ins>。<ins class=\"dot\">换而言之，每个类都是一个模块</ins>。<br />\n<ins class=\"wavy\">如果希望代码包含（include）到别的代码中，就使用模块（可以用来充当命名空间）；如果希望代码被实例化或者被继承，就使用类</ins>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<div class=\"note primary\">\n<p><ins class=\"dot\"><span class=\"red\">类</span>就是一个<span class=\"red\">对象</span>（Class 类的一个实例）外加一组<span class=\"red\">实例方法</span>和一个对其<span class=\"red\">父类的引用</span></ins></p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"note warning\">\n<p>注意：<ins class=\"red dot\">Class 类的类是它本身</ins></p>\n</div>\n<h3 id=\"类名和常量\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#类名和常量\">#</a> 类名和常量</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>和普通对象一样，<ins class=\"wavy\">类也可以通过引用来访问。变量可以像引用普通对象一样引用类</ins>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">MyClass</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># my_class 也是 Class 实例的一个引用</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre>my_class <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> MyClass</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>obj <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> my_class<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">new</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p>MyClass 和 my_class 都是对同一个 Class 类的实例的引用，<ins class=\"wavy\">唯一的区别在于，my_class 是变量，而 MyClass 是一个常量</ins>。<br />\n<ins class=\"red dot\">Ruby 中任何以大写字母开头的引用（包括模块名和类名）都是常量</ins>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<div class=\"note info\">\n<p>常量可以通过<span class=\"red\">路径</span>来标识。类似于 C++ 中的域操作符，Ruby 中常量的路径使用双冒号进行分隔。</p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>常量路径</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">M</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">C</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token constant\">X</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'a content'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token constant\">C</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">X</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 'a content'</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token constant\">M</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">C</span><span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span><span class=\"token constant\">X</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 'a content'</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note info\">\n<p><ins class=\"dot\">双冒号开头可以表示路径的根位置</ins></p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>根路径</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>Outer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'a root-level constant'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Y</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> Inner <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'a constant in Y'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> p Inner <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 'a constant in Y'</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> p <span class=\"token double-colon punctuation\">::</span>Outer <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 'a root-level constant'</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><figure class=\"highlight text\"><figcaption data-lang=\"text\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>对象模型图</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> +-------------+</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> | BasicObject |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> +-------------+ class</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> | +------------------------------------+</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> | ... | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> | | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> +-------------+ |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> ^ |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> | superclass |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> +------+------+ +-------------+ |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> | | | | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> | Object +------+ | Module | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre> +-------------+ | +-------------+ class |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre> | | | | +-------+ |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre> | ... | | | ... | | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre> | | | | | | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre> +-------------+ | +-------------+ | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre> ^ | ^ | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre> | | | | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"24\"></td><td><pre> | superclass | | superclass | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"25\"></td><td><pre>+--------+ | | | | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"26\"></td><td><pre>| obj1 | +------+------+ | +------+-------+ | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"27\"></td><td><pre>| +--+ | | +--->| | | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"28\"></td><td><pre>+--------+ | class | | | |<-----+ |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"29\"></td><td><pre> +--------->| MyClass | class | Class | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"30\"></td><td><pre> +-------------+---------->+--------------+ |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"31\"></td><td><pre>+--------+ +--------->| ... | | ... | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"32\"></td><td><pre>| obj2 | | class | | | |<--------+</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"33\"></td><td><pre>| +--+ +-------------+ +-----------+--+</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"34\"></td><td><pre>+--------+ ^ |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"35\"></td><td><pre> | |</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"36\"></td><td><pre> +------+</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"37\"></td><td><pre> class</pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"方法查找\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#方法查找\">#</a> 方法查找</h2>\n<p>方法查找相关的两个概念：</p>\n<ol>\n<li>接收者（receiver）</li>\n</ol>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span class=\"red\">接收者</span>就是调用方法所在的对象。比如，my_string.reverse () 语句中，my_string 就是接收者。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>祖先链（ancestors chain）</li>\n</ol>\n<blockquote>\n<p>从<span class=\"red\">当前类</span>开始向上查找<span class=\"red\">超类</span>，直到找到<span class=\"red\"> BasicObject 类</span>为止，<ins class=\"dot\">所<span class=\"red\">经过的类路径</span>就称为该类的<span class=\"red\">祖先链</span></ins></p>\n</blockquote>\n<div class=\"note info\">\n<p><ins class=\"wavy\">方法查找的过程：Ruby 首先在<span class=\"red\">接收者的类中查找</span>，然后再顺着<span class=\"red\">祖先链</span>向上查找，直到找到这个方法为止，如果找到<span class=\"red\"> BasicObject</span> 还没有找到会报错（<span class=\"red\">NoMethodError</span>）</ins></p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"note info\">\n<p><ins class=\"red dot\">祖先链中也包括模块</ins>。当一个模块包含在一个类（或一个模块）中时，Ruby 会把这个模块加入该类的祖先链中。可以使用<span class=\"red\"> include</span> 和<span class=\"blue\"> prepend</span> 将模块插入到一个类的祖先链中，<span class=\"red\">include</span> 在祖先链的插入位置是<span class=\"red\">当前类的上方</span>，<span class=\"blue\">prepend</span> 则是<span class=\"blue\">当前类的下方</span>。可以通过<span class=\"red\"> ancestors</span> 方法获得类的祖先链</p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>include和prepend</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 定义一个模块 M1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">module</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">M1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 定义一个类 C1，它包含 M1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">C1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">include</span> <span class=\"token constant\">M1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 定一个类 C2，它也包含 M1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">class</span> <span class=\"token class-name\">C2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">prepend</span> <span class=\"token constant\">M1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 打印 C1、C2 的祖先链</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token constant\">C1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>ancestors <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [C1, M1, Object, PP::ObjectMixin, Kernel, BasicObject]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre>p <span class=\"token constant\">C2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>ancestors <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [M1, C2, Object, PP::ObjectMixin, Kernel, BasicObject]</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note warning\">\n<p><ins class=\"dot\">在<span class=\"red\"> Ruby3</span> 中<span class=\"red\"> prepend</span> 一个<span class=\"red\">模块</span>时，它总会加入到祖先链中，即使它在祖先链中已经出现过；而<span class=\"red\"> include</span> 一个模块时，它只会加入到祖先链中一次，如果已有，就不会再加入了</ins>。</p>\n<p><ins class=\"dot\">在<span class=\"red\"> Ruby2</span> 中<span class=\"red\"> prepend</span> 和<span class=\"red\"> include</span> 都只会加入模块一次</ins></p>\n</div>\n",
"tags": [
"Ruby",
"Ruby",
"Metaprogramming"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/f1ffccca/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/f1ffccca/",
"title": "Ruby学习-异常处理",
"date_published": "2022-11-22T11:03:31.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><h2 id=\"异常处理语句\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#异常处理语句\">#</a> 异常处理语句</h2>\n<div class=\"note primary\">\n<p>Ruby 使用 begin～rescue～end 语句描述异常处理，类似于 Java 中的 try～catch 块</p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>异常处理</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">begin</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> 可能发生发生异常异常的代码</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">rescue</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> 发生异常时的处理</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note info\">\n<p>rescue 后面可以指定一个变量名，用于获取异常对象</p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>获取异常对象</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">begin</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">...</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">rescue</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> 引用异常对象的变量</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">...</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note warning\">\n<p>即使在 rescue 后不指定变量名，Ruby 也会把异常对象赋值给变量 $!</p>\n</div>\n<p><span class=\"label primary\">异常发生时被自动赋值的变量</span></p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">变量</th>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">作用</th>\n</tr>\n</thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">$!</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">最后发生的异常（异常对象）</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">$@</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">最后发生的异常的位置信息</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<p><span class=\"label info\">异常对象的方法</span></p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">方法名</th>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">作用</th>\n</tr>\n</thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">class</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">获取异常的种类</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">message</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">获取异常信息</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">backtrace</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">获取异常发生的位置信息（<span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"><math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">@</mi><mtext>和</mtext></mrow><annotation encoding=\"application/x-tex\">@和</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class=\"katex-html\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height:0.69444em;vertical-align:0em;\"></span><span class=\"mord\">@</span><span class=\"mord cjk_fallback\">和</span></span></span></span>！.backtrace 等价）</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<h2 id=\"后处理\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#后处理\">#</a> 后处理</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>不管是否发生异常都希望进行的处理，可以放在 ensure 关键字之后，<br />\n类似 Java 中 try～catch～finally 中的 finally，一般由于资源的释放等</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>ensure关键字使用</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">begin</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> 可能发生异常的代码块</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">rescue</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> ex</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> 发生异常后的处理</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">ensure</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> 不管是否发生异常都会执行的处理</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"重试\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#重试\">#</a> 重试</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p><ins class=\"dot\">Ruby 中支持异常重试</ins>，这和 Java、C、Rust 中的异常处理方式是不同的<br />\n可以在 rescue 后的代码块中使用 retry 语句，<ins class=\"dot\">让 Ruby 从头开始执行 begin 块</ins></p>\n</blockquote>\n<div class=\"note danger\">\n<p><span class=\"red\">在 rescue 中使用 retry 进行异常重试时要注意避免陷入死循环的情况</span></p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>异常重试</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">begin</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> 可能发生异常的代码块</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">rescue</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">retry</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 重头执行 begin 代码块</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"指定需要捕捉的异常\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#指定需要捕捉的异常\">#</a> 指定需要捕捉的异常</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Ruby 中所有异常都是 Exception 类的子类</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">begin</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">...</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">rescue</span> exception1<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> exception2 <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> ex1</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> 对exception1或exception2的处理</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">rescue</span> exception3 <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> ex2</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> 对exception3的处理</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">rescue</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> 对上述异常以外的异常进行的处理</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">ensure</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token operator\">...</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"手动抛出异常\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#手动抛出异常\">#</a> 手动抛出异常</h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Ruby 中使用 raise 进行手动抛出异常，类似于 Java 中的 throw</p>\n</blockquote>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>手动抛出异常</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># raise 方法的调用方式</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 1、抛出 RuntimError 异常，并把 message 设置给异常对象</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">raise</span> message</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 2、抛出指定的异常</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">raise</span> 异常类</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 3、抛出指定的异常，并将 message 设置给异常对象</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">raise</span> 异常类 message</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 4、在 rescue 外抛出 RuntimeError，在 rescue 中调用时，会再次抛出最后一次发生的异常</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">raise</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure>",
"tags": [
"Ruby",
"Ruby"
]
},
{
"id": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/f112a2c2/",
"url": "https://unistart2.github.io/posts/f112a2c2/",
"title": "Ruby学习-基础知识",
"date_published": "2022-11-10T07:53:43.000Z",
"content_html": "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/hexo-tag-hint.min.css\"><h2 id=\"变量\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#变量\">#</a> 变量</h2>\n<p>Ruby 中有四种类型的变量，<ins class=\"wavy\">变量的命名方式决定了变量的类型</ins></p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>局部变量<br />\n以英文字母或者_开头</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>全局变量<br />\n以 $ 符号开头</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>实例变量<br />\n以 @ 符号开头</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p>类变量<br />\n以 @@ 开头</p>\n</li>\n</ol>\n<blockquote>\n<p>除了上述四种类型以外，<ins class=\"wavy\">还有<span class=\"red\">伪变量</span>、<span class=\"blue\">预定义变量</span>这两种特殊变量</ins>。它们是 Ruby 预先定义好的<br />\n代表某特定值的特殊变量。<ins>伪变量不能改变其本身的值，对其赋值会产生错误</ins>，Ruby 中，self、<br />\ntrue、false、nil 等都是伪变量。<ins>预定义变量全部都是以 $ 开头的变量</ins>，$$ 就是其中一个，<br />\n它的值表示当前执行中的 Ruby 进程 ID</p>\n</blockquote>\n<div class=\"note info\">\n<p>常量：<ins>以大写英文字母开头，多个单词间使用下划线 (_) 隔开</ins>。比如 Ruby 的运行版本 (RUBY_VERSION)、命令行参数数组 (ARGV) 等，都是 Ruby 预先定义好的常量。对已经赋值的常量再进行赋值时，Ruby 会做出警告</p>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>对常量再次赋值</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">001</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token constant\">IS_CONSTANT</span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">002</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token constant\">IS_CONSTANT</span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> warning<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> already initialized constant <span class=\"token constant\">IS_CONSTANT</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> warning<span class=\"token operator\">:</span> previous definition of <span class=\"token constant\">IS_CONSTANT</span> was here</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure></div>\n<h2 id=\"多重赋值\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#多重赋值\">#</a> 多重赋值</h2>\n<ol>\n<li>同时对 a,b,c 变量进行赋值</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>多重赋值</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">001</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> a<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> c <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 即使 = 号两边数量不相等也不会报错</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 左边个数较多时，Ruby 会自动将 nil 赋值给未分配的变量</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">002</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> z <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">003</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> p <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> z<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">nil</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">nil</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 右边个数较多时，Ruby 会自动忽略多余的值</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">004</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> m<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> n <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">005</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> p <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>m<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> n<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"2\">\n<li>变量前加上 *，Ruby 会将未分配的值封装成数组赋值给该变量</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>多重赋值</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">006</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> q<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> w<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>t <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">007</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> p <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>q<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> w<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> t<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">008</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> d<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>e<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> f <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">009</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> p <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>d<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> e<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> f<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">11</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">12</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">13</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">14</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">15</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"3\">\n<li>用数组赋值时，左边有多个变量时，Ruby 会自动获取数组的元素进行多重赋值</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>多重赋值</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">001</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> arr <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">002</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> a<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> b <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> arr</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">003</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> p <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"4\">\n<li>获取嵌套数组的元素</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>多重赋值</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">004</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> arr <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"nickname\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"age\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"nickname\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"age\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">005</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> nickname<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> age <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> arr</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"nickname\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"age\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">006</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> p nickname</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"nickname\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"nickname\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">007</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> p age</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"age\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"age\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 使用 () 包裹变量，可以再进一步将内部数组的元素值取出来</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">008</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> arr <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">009</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> a<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>b1<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> b2<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> c <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> arr</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">4</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">010</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> p b1</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"18\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token number\">2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"19\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"20\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">011</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> p b2</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"21\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token number\">3</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"22\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"23\"></td><td><pre>irb<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>main<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">012</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">0</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"条件语句\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#条件语句\">#</a> 条件语句</h2>\n<div class=\"note primary\">\n<p>在 Ruby 中，<ins class=\"wavy\">真值可以是除 false、nil 以外的所有对象，假值只有 false、nil 两种情况</ins>。</p>\n</div>\n<div class=\"note info\">\n<p>条件语句中的 then 可以省略</p>\n</div>\n<ol>\n<li>if 语句</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>if语句</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>a <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span> </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>b <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> a <span class=\"token operator\">></span> b</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'a比b大'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">elsif</span> a <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> b</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'a比b小'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">else</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'a等于b'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"2\">\n<li>unless 语句</li>\n</ol>\n<div class=\"note warning\">\n<p>和 if 语句不同，unless 语句是条件为假时进行处理</p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>unless语句</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>a <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>b <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">20</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">unless</span> a <span class=\"token operator\">></span> b <span class=\"token keyword\">then</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'a不比b大'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"3\">\n<li>case 语句</li>\n</ol>\n<div class=\"note warning\">\n<p>case 语句中 when 判断值相等时，实际使用的是 === 运算符。当左边是数值或字符串时 === 和 == 意义相同</p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>case语句</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>tags <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'Java'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'Ruby'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'C/C++'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>tags<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">each</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>tagename<span class=\"token operator\">|</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">case</span> tagename</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">when</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'Java'</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">then</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'learning Java'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">when</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'Ruby'</span></span> <span class=\"token keyword\">then</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'learning Ruby'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">else</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'learning other languages'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"循环语句\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#循环语句\">#</a> 循环语句</h2>\n<ol>\n<li>times 方法</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>times方法</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'| --times-- |'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 1. times 循环</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token number\">3.</span>times <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>i<span class=\"token operator\">|</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"| 第</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">i <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">次循环 |\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"2\">\n<li>for 语句</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>for语句</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'| --loop--- |'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 2. for 循环</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">for</span> i <span class=\"token keyword\">in</span> <span class=\"token number\">1.</span><span class=\"token number\">.3</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"| 第</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">i</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">次循环 |\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"3\">\n<li>while 语句</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>while语句</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'| --while-- |'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 3. while 循环</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> i <span class=\"token operator\"><</span> <span class=\"token number\">8</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"| 当前值: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">i</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> |\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> i <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"4\">\n<li>until 语句</li>\n</ol>\n<div class=\"note warning\">\n<p>until 语句当条件不成立时才进行循环</p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>until语句</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'| -until- |'</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 4. until 语句</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>sum <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre>i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">until</span> sum <span class=\"token operator\">>=</span> <span class=\"token number\">5</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"| 当前sum: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">sum</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\"> |\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> sum <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> i</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> i <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"5\">\n<li>each 方法</li>\n</ol>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>each方法</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>names <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"alice\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"bob\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"cyndi\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>names<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">each</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>name<span class=\"token operator\">|</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"'name': '</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">name</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">'\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 等价写法</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre>names<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">each</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>name<span class=\"token operator\">|</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"'name': '</span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">name</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">'\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ol start=\"6\">\n<li>break、next、redo</li>\n</ol>\n<div class=\"note info\">\n<p>循环语句，一般配合 break、next、redo 使用</p>\n</div>\n<ul>\n<li>break: 终止程序，退出循环</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>break例子</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"break的例子\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>langs <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"Ruby\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"Rust\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"Java\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre>langs<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">each</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>lang<span class=\"token operator\">|</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> i <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> i <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> langs<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>size</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> p <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">=begin 输出</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> break 的例子</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> [1, \"Ruby\"]</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> [2, \"Rust\"]</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre>=end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul>\n<li>next：跳过当前循环，直接进入下一次循环</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>next例子</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"next例子\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>langs <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"Ruby\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"Rust\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"Java\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre>langs<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">each</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>lang<span class=\"token operator\">|</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> i <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> i <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> langs<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>size <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">next</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> p <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">=begin 输出</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> next 的例子</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> [1, \"Ruby\"]</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> [3, \"Java\"]</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre>=end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul>\n<li>redo：再次执行一次相同的循环，不会再次进行条件判断</li>\n</ul>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>redo例子</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre>puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"redo例子\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre>i <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">0</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre>langs <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"Ruby\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"Rust\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"Java\"</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre>langs<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token keyword\">each</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span> <span class=\"token operator\">|</span>lang<span class=\"token operator\">|</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre> i <span class=\"token operator\">+=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> i <span class=\"token operator\">==</span> langs<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>size <span class=\"token operator\">-</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">redo</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> p <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> lang<span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\">=begin 输出</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"13\"></td><td><pre> redo 的例子</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"14\"></td><td><pre> [1, \"Ruby\"]</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"15\"></td><td><pre> [3, \"Rust\"]</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"16\"></td><td><pre> [4, \"Java\"]</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"17\"></td><td><pre>=end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h2 id=\"方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#方法\">#</a> 方法</h2>\n<div class=\"note info\">\n<p>如果想深入了解 Ruby 的方法可以参考《Ruby 元编程》一书</p>\n</div>\n<h3 id=\"定义带块的方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#定义带块的方法\">#</a> 定义带块的方法</h3>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>带块的方法</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">myloop</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">while</span> <span class=\"token boolean\">true</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">yield</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 执行块</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre>num <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre>myloop <span class=\"token keyword\">do</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre> <span class=\"token keyword\">break</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">if</span> num <span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token number\">64</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># ruby 特有的写法，可以将条件判断后置</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"num is </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">num</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre> num <span class=\"token operator\">*=</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"12\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote>\n<p><ins class=\"dot\"><span class=\"red\">yield</span> 是定义带块方法的关键字</ins>。调用方法时通过块传进来的处理会在 <span class=\"read\">yield</span> 定义的地方执行。<br />\n如果 <span class=\"red\">yield</span> 部分有参数，会被当作块变量传入块里。<ins class=\"wavy\">块里最后的表达式的值既是块的执行结果，<br />\n同时也可以作为 <span class=\"red\">yield</span> 的返回值在块的外部使用</ins>。</p>\n</blockquote>\n<h3 id=\"可变参数方法\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#可变参数方法\">#</a> 可变参数方法</h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>通过使用 ”<span class=\"red\">* 变量名</span> “ 的形式来定义可变形参<br />\n<ins class=\"dot\">可变形参会被 R 封装成数组，供方法内部使用</ins></p>\n</blockquote>\n<div class=\"note warning\">\n<p>可变参数在方法的参数列表中只能出现一次</p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>可变形参</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">foo</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>args<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> args</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>p foo<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\"># 输出 => [1, 2, 3]</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h3 id=\"关键字参数\"><a class=\"anchor\" href=\"#关键字参数\">#</a> 关键字参数</h3>\n<div class=\"note info\">\n<p>Ruby 中可以使用<span class=\"red\">关键字参数</span>定义方法的参数列表，<ins class=\"dot\">以 "参数名：参数值" 的形式传入方法</ins>。<br />\n这种形式为每个参数都指定了一个默认值，因此可以参略任何一个参数进行调用，由于参数名也传给了方法，<br />\n所以参数顺序可以自由更改</p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>方法中使用关键字参数</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 使用关键字参数</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">person</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token symbol\">name</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'alice'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">age</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">gender</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'m'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"[Person] {name: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">name</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, age: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">age</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, gender: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">gender</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">}\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 1. 省略所有参数</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre>person<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [Person] {name: alice, age: 10, gender: m}</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 2. 改变参数传递顺序</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre>person<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token symbol\">gender</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'f'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">name</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'cyndi'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">age</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">32</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [Person] {name: cyndi, age: 32, gender: f }</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note warning\">\n<p>关键字参数只能出现参数列表的最后，如果有普通参数的话，普通参数要先定义</p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>混用参数形式</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 下面的方法会报错：Exception：:，期望出现：号也就关键字参数的形式</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">person2</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token symbol\">name</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'alice'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">age</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">gender</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'m'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> other<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"[Person] {name: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">name</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, age: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">age</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, gender: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">gender</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, other: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">other</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">}\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token comment\"># 下面是正确的使用形式</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">person3</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>other<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">name</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'alice'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">age</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">10</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token symbol\">gender</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'m'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre> puts <span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">\"[Person] {name: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">name</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, age: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">age</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, gender: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">gender</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">, other: </span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">#{</span><span class=\"token content\">other</span><span class=\"token delimiter punctuation\">}</span></span><span class=\"token string\">}\"</span></span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre>person3<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string-literal\"><span class=\"token string\">'null'</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> [Person] {name: alice, age: 10, gender: m, other: null}</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class=\"note primary\">\n<p>将参数传递给方法时，可以将数组分解后的元素作为参数传递给方法。<br />\n调用方法时使用 "<span class=\"red\">* 数组</span> " 的形式，这时传递给方法的是数组中各个元素。<br />\n<ins class=\"wavy\">需要注意的是：<span class=\"red\">数组元素传入的参数个数</span>以及<span class=\"red\">其他参数个数</span>总和要和<span class=\"red\">方法定义的参数个数</span>一致</ins>。</p>\n</div>\n<figure class=\"highlight ruby\"><figcaption data-lang=\"ruby\"><span>把数组分解为参数进行传递</span></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num=\"1\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"token method-definition\"><span class=\"token function\">foo</span></span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>a<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> b<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> c<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"2\"></td><td><pre> a <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> b <span class=\"token operator\">+</span>c</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"3\"></td><td><pre><span class=\"token keyword\">end</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"4\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"5\"></td><td><pre>p foo<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 6</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"6\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"7\"></td><td><pre>args1 <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"8\"></td><td><pre>p foo<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span>args1<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 6</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"9\"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"10\"></td><td><pre>args2 <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num=\"11\"></td><td><pre>p foo<span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token operator\">*</span>args2<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">#=> 6</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure>",
"tags": [
"Ruby",
"Ruby"
]
}
]
}