build_request.go

// Copyright 2016 Russell Haering et al.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package saml2

import (
	"bytes"
	"compress/flate"
	"encoding/base64"
	"fmt"
	"html/template"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"

	"github.com/beevik/etree"
	"github.com/fformica/gosaml2/uuid"
)

const issueInstantFormat = "2006-01-02T15:04:05Z"

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) buildAuthnRequest(includeSig bool) (*etree.Document, error) {
	authnRequest := &etree.Element{
		Space: "samlp",
		Tag:   "AuthnRequest",
	}

	authnRequest.CreateAttr("xmlns:samlp", "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol")
	authnRequest.CreateAttr("xmlns:saml", "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion")

	arId := uuid.NewV4()

	authnRequest.CreateAttr("ID", "_"+arId.String())
	authnRequest.CreateAttr("Version", "2.0")
	authnRequest.CreateAttr("ProtocolBinding", "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST")
	authnRequest.CreateAttr("AssertionConsumerServiceURL", sp.AssertionConsumerServiceURL)
	authnRequest.CreateAttr("IssueInstant", sp.Clock.Now().UTC().Format(issueInstantFormat))
	authnRequest.CreateAttr("Destination", sp.IdentityProviderSSOURL)
	if sp.ForceAuthn {
		authnRequest.CreateAttr("ForceAuthn", "true")
	}
	if sp.IsPassive {
		authnRequest.CreateAttr("IsPassive", "true")
	}

	// NOTE(russell_h): In earlier versions we mistakenly sent the IdentityProviderIssuer
	// in the AuthnRequest. For backwards compatibility we will fall back to that
	// behavior when ServiceProviderIssuer isn't set.
	if sp.ServiceProviderIssuer != "" {
		authnRequest.CreateElement("saml:Issuer").SetText(sp.ServiceProviderIssuer)
	} else {
		authnRequest.CreateElement("saml:Issuer").SetText(sp.IdentityProviderIssuer)
	}

	nameIdPolicy := authnRequest.CreateElement("samlp:NameIDPolicy")
	nameIdPolicy.CreateAttr("AllowCreate", "true")
	if sp.NameIdFormat != "" {
		nameIdPolicy.CreateAttr("Format", sp.NameIdFormat)
	}

	if sp.RequestedAuthnContext != nil {
		requestedAuthnContext := authnRequest.CreateElement("samlp:RequestedAuthnContext")
		requestedAuthnContext.CreateAttr("Comparison", sp.RequestedAuthnContext.Comparison)

		for _, context := range sp.RequestedAuthnContext.Contexts {
			authnContextClassRef := requestedAuthnContext.CreateElement("saml:AuthnContextClassRef")
			authnContextClassRef.SetText(context)
		}
	}

	doc := etree.NewDocument()

	// Only POST binding includes <Signature> in <AuthnRequest> (includeSig)
	if sp.SignAuthnRequests && includeSig {
		signed, err := sp.SignAuthnRequest(authnRequest)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		doc.SetRoot(signed)
	} else {
		doc.SetRoot(authnRequest)
	}
	return doc, nil
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildAuthRequestDocument() (*etree.Document, error) {
	return sp.buildAuthnRequest(true)
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildAuthRequestDocumentNoSig() (*etree.Document, error) {
	return sp.buildAuthnRequest(false)
}

// SignAuthnRequest takes a document, builds a signature, creates another document
// and inserts the signature in it. According to the schema, the position of the
// signature is right after the Issuer [1] then all other children.
//
// [1] https://docs.oasis-open.org/security/saml/v2.0/saml-schema-protocol-2.0.xsd
func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) SignAuthnRequest(el *etree.Element) (*etree.Element, error) {
	ctx := sp.SigningContext()

	sig, err := ctx.ConstructSignature(el, true)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	ret := el.Copy()

	var children []etree.Token
	children = append(children, ret.Child[0])     // issuer is always first
	children = append(children, sig)              // next is the signature
	children = append(children, ret.Child[1:]...) // then all other children
	ret.Child = children

	return ret, nil
}

// BuildAuthRequest builds <AuthnRequest> for identity provider
func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildAuthRequest() (string, error) {
	doc, err := sp.BuildAuthRequestDocument()
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	return doc.WriteToString()
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) buildAuthURLFromDocument(relayState, binding string, doc *etree.Document) (string, error) {
	parsedUrl, err := url.Parse(sp.IdentityProviderSSOURL)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	authnRequest, err := doc.WriteToString()
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	buf := &bytes.Buffer{}

	fw, err := flate.NewWriter(buf, flate.DefaultCompression)
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("flate NewWriter error: %v", err)
	}

	_, err = fw.Write([]byte(authnRequest))
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("flate.Writer Write error: %v", err)
	}

	err = fw.Close()
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("flate.Writer Close error: %v", err)
	}

	qs := parsedUrl.Query()

	qs.Add("SAMLRequest", base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(buf.Bytes()))

	if relayState != "" {
		qs.Add("RelayState", relayState)
	}

	if sp.SignAuthnRequests && binding == BindingHttpRedirect {
		// Sign URL encoded query (see Section 3.4.4.1 DEFLATE Encoding of saml-bindings-2.0-os.pdf)
		ctx := sp.SigningContext()
		qs.Add("SigAlg", ctx.GetSignatureMethodIdentifier())
		var rawSignature []byte
		if rawSignature, err = ctx.SignString(signatureInputString(qs.Get("SAMLRequest"), qs.Get("RelayState"), qs.Get("SigAlg"))); err != nil {
			return "", fmt.Errorf("unable to sign query string of redirect URL: %v", err)
		}

		// Now add base64 encoded Signature
		qs.Add("Signature", base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(rawSignature))
	}

	//Here the parameters may appear in any order.
	parsedUrl.RawQuery = qs.Encode()
	return parsedUrl.String(), nil
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildAuthURLFromDocument(relayState string, doc *etree.Document) (string, error) {
	return sp.buildAuthURLFromDocument(relayState, BindingHttpPost, doc)
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildAuthURLRedirect(relayState string, doc *etree.Document) (string, error) {
	return sp.buildAuthURLFromDocument(relayState, BindingHttpRedirect, doc)
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) buildAuthBodyPostFromDocument(relayState string, doc *etree.Document) ([]byte, error) {
	reqBuf, err := doc.WriteToBytes()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	encodedReqBuf := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(reqBuf)

	var tmpl *template.Template
	var rv bytes.Buffer

	if relayState != "" {
		tmpl = template.Must(template.New("saml-post-form").Parse(`` +
			`<form method="POST" action="{{.URL}}" id="SAMLRequestForm">` +
			`<input type="hidden" name="SAMLRequest" value="{{.SAMLRequest}}" />` +
			`<input type="hidden" name="RelayState" value="{{.RelayState}}" />` +
			`<input id="SAMLSubmitButton" type="submit" value="Submit" />` +
			`</form>` +
			`<script>document.getElementById('SAMLSubmitButton').style.visibility="hidden";` +
			`document.getElementById('SAMLRequestForm').submit();</script>`))

		data := struct {
			URL         string
			SAMLRequest string
			RelayState  string
		}{
			URL:         sp.IdentityProviderSSOURL,
			SAMLRequest: encodedReqBuf,
			RelayState:  relayState,
		}
		if err = tmpl.Execute(&rv, data); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	} else {
		tmpl = template.Must(template.New("saml-post-form").Parse(`` +
			`<form method="POST" action="{{.URL}}" id="SAMLRequestForm">` +
			`<input type="hidden" name="SAMLRequest" value="{{.SAMLRequest}}" />` +
			`<input id="SAMLSubmitButton" type="submit" value="Submit" />` +
			`</form>` +
			`<script>document.getElementById('SAMLSubmitButton').style.visibility="hidden";` +
			`document.getElementById('SAMLRequestForm').submit();</script>`))

		data := struct {
			URL         string
			SAMLRequest string
		}{
			URL:         sp.IdentityProviderSSOURL,
			SAMLRequest: encodedReqBuf,
		}
		if err = tmpl.Execute(&rv, data); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	return rv.Bytes(), nil
}

//BuildAuthBodyPost builds the POST body to be sent to IDP.
func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildAuthBodyPost(relayState string) ([]byte, error) {
	var doc *etree.Document
	var err error

	if sp.SignAuthnRequests {
		doc, err = sp.BuildAuthRequestDocument()
	} else {
		doc, err = sp.BuildAuthRequestDocumentNoSig()
	}

	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	return sp.buildAuthBodyPostFromDocument(relayState, doc)
}

//BuildAuthBodyPostFromDocument builds the POST body to be sent to IDP.
//It takes the AuthnRequest xml as input.
func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildAuthBodyPostFromDocument(relayState string, doc *etree.Document) ([]byte, error) {
	return sp.buildAuthBodyPostFromDocument(relayState, doc)
}

// BuildAuthURL builds redirect URL to be sent to principal
func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildAuthURL(relayState string) (string, error) {
	doc, err := sp.BuildAuthRequestDocument()
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}
	return sp.BuildAuthURLFromDocument(relayState, doc)
}

// AuthRedirect takes a ResponseWriter and Request from an http interaction and
// redirects to the SAMLServiceProvider's configured IdP, including the
// relayState provided, if any.
func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) AuthRedirect(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, relayState string) (err error) {
	url, err := sp.BuildAuthURL(relayState)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	http.Redirect(w, r, url, http.StatusFound)
	return nil
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) buildLogoutRequest(includeSig bool, nameID string, sessionIndex string) (*etree.Document, error) {
	logoutRequest := &etree.Element{
		Space: "samlp",
		Tag:   "LogoutRequest",
	}

	logoutRequest.CreateAttr("xmlns:samlp", "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol")
	logoutRequest.CreateAttr("xmlns:saml", "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion")

	arId := uuid.NewV4()

	logoutRequest.CreateAttr("ID", "_"+arId.String())
	logoutRequest.CreateAttr("Version", "2.0")
	logoutRequest.CreateAttr("IssueInstant", sp.Clock.Now().UTC().Format(issueInstantFormat))
	logoutRequest.CreateAttr("Destination", sp.IdentityProviderSLOURL)

	// NOTE(russell_h): In earlier versions we mistakenly sent the IdentityProviderIssuer
	// in the AuthnRequest. For backwards compatibility we will fall back to that
	// behavior when ServiceProviderIssuer isn't set.
	// TODO: Throw error in case Issuer is empty.
	if sp.ServiceProviderIssuer != "" {
		logoutRequest.CreateElement("saml:Issuer").SetText(sp.ServiceProviderIssuer)
	} else {
		logoutRequest.CreateElement("saml:Issuer").SetText(sp.IdentityProviderIssuer)
	}

	nameId := logoutRequest.CreateElement("saml:NameID")
	nameId.SetText(nameID)
	nameId.CreateAttr("Format", sp.NameIdFormat)

	//Section 3.7.1 - http://docs.oasis-open.org/security/saml/v2.0/saml-core-2.0-os.pdf says
	//SessionIndex is optional. If the IDP supports SLO then it must send SessionIndex as per
	//Section 4.1.4.2 of https://docs.oasis-open.org/security/saml/v2.0/saml-profiles-2.0-os.pdf.
	//As per section 4.4.3.1 of //docs.oasis-open.org/security/saml/v2.0/saml-profiles-2.0-os.pdf,
	//a LogoutRequest issued by Session Participant to Identity Provider, must contain
	//at least one SessionIndex element needs to be included.
	nameId = logoutRequest.CreateElement("samlp:SessionIndex")
	nameId.SetText(sessionIndex)

	doc := etree.NewDocument()

	if includeSig {
		signed, err := sp.SignLogoutRequest(logoutRequest)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		doc.SetRoot(signed)
	} else {
		doc.SetRoot(logoutRequest)
	}

	return doc, nil
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) SignLogoutRequest(el *etree.Element) (*etree.Element, error) {
	ctx := sp.SigningContext()

	sig, err := ctx.ConstructSignature(el, true)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	ret := el.Copy()

	var children []etree.Token
	children = append(children, ret.Child[0])     // issuer is always first
	children = append(children, sig)              // next is the signature
	children = append(children, ret.Child[1:]...) // then all other children
	ret.Child = children

	return ret, nil
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildLogoutRequestDocumentNoSig(nameID string, sessionIndex string) (*etree.Document, error) {
	return sp.buildLogoutRequest(false, nameID, sessionIndex)
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildLogoutRequestDocument(nameID string, sessionIndex string) (*etree.Document, error) {
	return sp.buildLogoutRequest(true, nameID, sessionIndex)
}

//BuildLogoutBodyPostFromDocument builds the POST body to be sent to IDP.
//It takes the LogoutRequest xml as input.
func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildLogoutBodyPostFromDocument(relayState string, doc *etree.Document) ([]byte, error) {
	return sp.buildLogoutBodyPostFromDocument(relayState, doc)
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) buildLogoutBodyPostFromDocument(relayState string, doc *etree.Document) ([]byte, error) {
	reqBuf, err := doc.WriteToBytes()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	encodedReqBuf := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(reqBuf)
	var tmpl *template.Template
	var rv bytes.Buffer

	if relayState != "" {
		tmpl = template.Must(template.New("saml-post-form").Parse(`` +
			`<form method="POST" action="{{.URL}}" id="SAMLRequestForm">` +
			`<input type="hidden" name="SAMLRequest" value="{{.SAMLRequest}}" />` +
			`<input type="hidden" name="RelayState" value="{{.RelayState}}" />` +
			`<input id="SAMLSubmitButton" type="submit" value="Submit" />` +
			`</form>` +
			`<script>document.getElementById('SAMLSubmitButton').style.visibility="hidden";` +
			`document.getElementById('SAMLRequestForm').submit();</script>`))

		data := struct {
			URL         string
			SAMLRequest string
			RelayState  string
		}{
			URL:         sp.IdentityProviderSLOURL,
			SAMLRequest: encodedReqBuf,
			RelayState:  relayState,
		}
		if err = tmpl.Execute(&rv, data); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	} else {
		tmpl = template.Must(template.New("saml-post-form").Parse(`` +
			`<form method="POST" action="{{.URL}}" id="SAMLRequestForm">` +
			`<input type="hidden" name="SAMLRequest" value="{{.SAMLRequest}}" />` +
			`<input id="SAMLSubmitButton" type="submit" value="Submit" />` +
			`</form>` +
			`<script>document.getElementById('SAMLSubmitButton').style.visibility="hidden";` +
			`document.getElementById('SAMLRequestForm').submit();</script>`))

		data := struct {
			URL         string
			SAMLRequest string
		}{
			URL:         sp.IdentityProviderSLOURL,
			SAMLRequest: encodedReqBuf,
		}
		if err = tmpl.Execute(&rv, data); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	return rv.Bytes(), nil
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) BuildLogoutURLRedirect(relayState string, doc *etree.Document) (string, error) {
	return sp.buildLogoutURLFromDocument(relayState, BindingHttpRedirect, doc)
}

func (sp *SAMLServiceProvider) buildLogoutURLFromDocument(relayState, binding string, doc *etree.Document) (string, error) {
	parsedUrl, err := url.Parse(sp.IdentityProviderSLOURL)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	logoutRequest, err := doc.WriteToString()
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	buf := &bytes.Buffer{}

	fw, err := flate.NewWriter(buf, flate.DefaultCompression)
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("flate NewWriter error: %v", err)
	}

	_, err = fw.Write([]byte(logoutRequest))
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("flate.Writer Write error: %v", err)
	}

	err = fw.Close()
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("flate.Writer Close error: %v", err)
	}

	qs := parsedUrl.Query()

	qs.Add("SAMLRequest", base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(buf.Bytes()))

	if relayState != "" {
		qs.Add("RelayState", relayState)
	}

	if binding == BindingHttpRedirect {
		// Sign URL encoded query (see Section 3.4.4.1 DEFLATE Encoding of saml-bindings-2.0-os.pdf)
		ctx := sp.SigningContext()
		qs.Add("SigAlg", ctx.GetSignatureMethodIdentifier())
		var rawSignature []byte
		//qs.Encode() sorts the keys (See https://golang.org/pkg/net/url/#Values.Encode).
		//If RelayState parameter is present then RelayState parameter
		//will be put first by Encode(). Hence encode them separately and concatenate.
		//Signature string has to have parameters in the order - SAMLRequest=value&RelayState=value&SigAlg=value.
		//(See Section 3.4.4.1 saml-bindings-2.0-os.pdf).
		var orderedParams = []string{"SAMLRequest", "RelayState", "SigAlg"}

		var paramValueMap = make(map[string]string)
		paramValueMap["SAMLRequest"] = base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(buf.Bytes())
		if relayState != "" {
			paramValueMap["RelayState"] = relayState
		}
		paramValueMap["SigAlg"] = ctx.GetSignatureMethodIdentifier()

		ss := ""

		for _, k := range orderedParams {
			v, ok := paramValueMap[k]
			if ok {
				//Add the value after URL encoding.
				u := url.Values{}
				u.Add(k, v)
				e := u.Encode()
				if ss != "" {
					ss += "&" + e
				} else {
					ss = e
				}
			}
		}

		//Now generate the signature on the string of ordered parameters.
		if rawSignature, err = ctx.SignString(ss); err != nil {
			return "", fmt.Errorf("unable to sign query string of redirect URL: %v", err)
		}

		// Now add base64 encoded Signature
		qs.Add("Signature", base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(rawSignature))
	}

	//Here the parameters may appear in any order.
	parsedUrl.RawQuery = qs.Encode()
	return parsedUrl.String(), nil
}

// signatureInputString constructs the string to be fed into the signature algorithm, as described
// in section 3.4.4.1 of
// https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/download.php/56779/sstc-saml-bindings-errata-2.0-wd-06.pdf
func signatureInputString(samlRequest, relayState, sigAlg string) string {
	var params [][2]string
	if relayState == "" {
		params = [][2]string{{"SAMLRequest", samlRequest}, {"SigAlg", sigAlg}}
	} else {
		params = [][2]string{{"SAMLRequest", samlRequest}, {"RelayState", relayState}, {"SigAlg", sigAlg}}
	}

	var buf bytes.Buffer
	for _, kv := range params {
		k, v := kv[0], kv[1]
		if buf.Len() > 0 {
			buf.WriteByte('&')
		}
		buf.WriteString(url.QueryEscape(k) + "=" + url.QueryEscape(v))
	}
	return buf.String()
}