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ARCHITECTURE.md

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Architecture

The SDK is split into multiple layers:

    WASM (external crate matrix-rust-sdk-crypto-wasm)
      /
     /     uniffi
    /     /
   /     bindings (matrix-sdk-ffi)
 crypto   |
bindings  |
   |      |
   |     UI (matrix-sdk-ui)
   |      \
   |       \
   |   main (matrix-sdk)
   | /     /
crypto    /
     \   /
      store (matrix-sdk-base, + all the store impls)
        |
      common (matrix-sdk-common)

Where the store implementations are matrix-sdk-sqlite and matrix-sdk-indexeddb as well as MemoryStore which is defined in matrix-sdk-base.

crates/matrix-sdk

This is the main crate, and one that is expected to be used by most consumers. Notable data types include:

  • the Client, which can run room-independent requests: logging in/out, creating rooms, running sync, etc.
  • the Room, which represents a room and its state (notably via the observable RoomInfo), and allows running queries that are room-specific, notably sending events.

crates/matrix-sdk-base

A sans I/O crate to represent the base data types persisted in the SDK. No network or storage I/O happens in this crate, although it defines traits (StateStore and EventCacheStore) representing storage backends, as well as dummy in-memory implementations of these traits.

crates/matrix-sdk-common

Common helpers used by most of the other crates; almost a leaf in the dependency tree of our own crates (the only crate it's using is test helpers).

crates/matrix-sdk-crypto

A sans I/O implementation of a state machine that handles end-to-end encryption for Matrix clients. It defines a CryptoStore trait representing storage backends that will perform the actual storage I/O later, as well as a dummy in-memory implementation of this trait.

crates/matrix-sdk-indexeddb

Implementations of EventCacheStore, StateStore and CryptoStore for a indexeddb backend (for use in Web browsers, via WebAssembly).

crates/matrix-sdk-qrcode

Implementation of QR codes for interactive verifications, used in the crypto crate.

crates/matrix-sdk-sqlite

Implementations of EventCacheStore, StateStore and CryptoStore for a SQLite backend.

crates/matrix-sdk-store-encryption

Low-level primitives for encrypting/decrypting/hashing values. Store implementations that implement encryption at rest can use those primitives.

crates/matrix-sdk-ui

Very high-level primitives implementing the best practices and cutting-edge Matrix tech:

  • EncryptionSyncService: a specialized service running simplified sliding sync (MSC4186) for everything related to crypto and E2EE for the current Client.
  • RoomListService: a specialized service running simplified sliding sync (MSC4186) for retrieving the list of current rooms, and exposing its entries.
  • SyncService: a wrapper for the two previous services, coordinating their running and shutting down.
  • Timeline: a high-level view for a Room's timeline of events, grouping related events (aggregations) into single timeline items.

bindings/matrix-sdk-crypto-ffi/

FFI bindings for the crypto crate, used in a Web browser context via WebAssembly. These use wasm-bindgen to generate the bindings. These bindings are used in Element Web and the legacy Element apps, as of 2024-11-07.

bindings/matrix-sdk-ffi/

FFI bindings for important concepts in matrix-sdk-ui and matrix-sdk, generated with UniFFI and to be used from other languages like Swift/Go/Kotlin. These bindings are used in the ElementX apps, as of 2024-11-07.

bindings/matrix-sdk-ffi-macros/

Macros used in bindings/matrix-sdk-ffi.

testing/matrix-sdk-test/

Common test helpers, used by all the other crates.

testing/matrix-sdk-test-macros/

Implementation of the #[async_test] test macro.

testing/matrix-sdk-integration-testing/

Fully-fledged integration tests that require spawning a Synapse instance to run. A docker-compose setup is provided to ease running the tests, and it is compatible for running with Podman too.

Inspiration

This document has been inspired by the reading of this blog post.