diff --git a/joss.06315/10.21105.joss.06315.crossref.xml b/joss.06315/10.21105.joss.06315.crossref.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..71fbec0b60 --- /dev/null +++ b/joss.06315/10.21105.joss.06315.crossref.xml @@ -0,0 +1,398 @@ + + + + 20241109231254-87e77e4be7a19660f2ed03940144ed7b94615c66 + 20241109231254 + + JOSS Admin + admin@theoj.org + + The Open Journal + + + + + Journal of Open Source Software + JOSS + 2475-9066 + + 10.21105/joss + https://joss.theoj.org + + + + + 11 + 2024 + + + 9 + + 103 + + + + pySLM2: A full-stack python package for holographic +beam shaping + + + + Chung-You + Shih + + Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada + + https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7561-6833 + + + Jingwen + Zhu + + Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada + + https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0699-8258 + + + Rajibul + Islam + + Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada + + https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6483-8932 + + + + 11 + 09 + 2024 + + + 6315 + + + 10.21105/joss.06315 + + + http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ + http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ + http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ + + + + Software archive + 10.5281/zenodo.14025566 + + + GitHub review issue + https://github.com/openjournals/joss-reviews/issues/6315 + + + + 10.21105/joss.06315 + https://joss.theoj.org/papers/10.21105/joss.06315 + + + https://joss.theoj.org/papers/10.21105/joss.06315.pdf + + + + + + Reprogrammable and high-precision holographic +optical addressing of trapped ions for scalable quantum +control + Shih + npj Quantum Information + 1 + 7 + 10.1038/s41534-021-00396-0 + 2021 + Shih, C.-Y., Motlakunta, S., +Kotibhaskar, N., Sajjan, M., Hablützel, R., & Islam, R. (2021). +Reprogrammable and high-precision holographic optical addressing of +trapped ions for scalable quantum control. Npj Quantum Information, +7(1), 57. +https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-021-00396-0 + + + Ultra-precise holographic beam shaping for +microscopic quantum control + Zupancic + Optics express + 13 + 24 + 10.1364/OE.24.013881 + 2016 + Zupancic, P., Preiss, P. M., Ma, R., +Lukin, A., Tai, M. E., Rispoli, M., Islam, R., & Greiner, M. (2016). +Ultra-precise holographic beam shaping for microscopic quantum control. +Optics Express, 24(13), 13881–13893. +https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.013881 + + + III computer-generated holograms: Techniques +and applications + Lee + Progress in optics + 16 + 10.1016/S0079-6638(08)70072-6 + 1978 + Lee, W.-H. (1978). III +computer-generated holograms: Techniques and applications. In Progress +in optics (Vol. 16, pp. 119–232). Elsevier. +https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6638(08)70072-6 + + + A practical algorithm for the determination +of phase from image and diffraction plane picture + Gerhberg + Optik + 35 + 1972 + Gerhberg, R., & Saxton, W. +(1972). A practical algorithm for the determination of phase from image +and diffraction plane picture. Optik, 35, 237–246. +https://web.archive.org/web/20220505015731/http://www.u.arizona.edu/~ppoon/GerchbergandSaxton1972.pdf + + + Wavefrontshaping/ALP4lib: +1.0.1 + Popoff + 10.5281/zenodo.6121191 + 2022 + Popoff, S. M., Shih, G., B., D., +& GustavePariente. (2022). Wavefrontshaping/ALP4lib: 1.0.1 (Version +1.0.1). Zenodo. +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121191 + + + Robust digital holography for ultracold atom +trapping + Gaunt + Scientific reports + 1 + 2 + 10.1038/srep00721 + 2012 + Gaunt, A. L., & Hadzibabic, Z. +(2012). Robust digital holography for ultracold atom trapping. +Scientific Reports, 2(1), 721. +https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00721 + + + Super-resolved imaging of a single cold atom +on a nanosecond timescale + Qian + Physical review letters + 26 + 127 + 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.263603 + 2021 + Qian, Z.-H., Cui, J.-M., Luo, X.-W., +Zheng, Y.-X., Huang, Y.-F., Ai, M.-Z., He, R., Li, C.-F., & Guo, +G.-C. (2021). Super-resolved imaging of a single cold atom on a +nanosecond timescale. Physical Review Letters, 127(26), 263603. +https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.263603 + + + Optical superresolution sensing of a trapped +ion’s wave packet size + Drechsler + Physical Review Letters + 14 + 127 + 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.143602 + 2021 + Drechsler, M., Wolf, S., Schmiegelow, +C. T., & Schmidt-Kaler, F. (2021). Optical superresolution sensing +of a trapped ion’s wave packet size. Physical Review Letters, 127(14), +143602. +https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.143602 + + + Programmable XY-type couplings through +parallel spin-dependent forces on the same trapped ion motional +modes + Kotibhaskar + arXiv preprint +arXiv:2307.04922 + 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.033038 + 2023 + Kotibhaskar, N., Shih, C.-Y., +Motlakunta, S., Vogliano, A., Hahn, L., Chen, Y.-T., & Islam, R. +(2023). Programmable XY-type couplings through parallel spin-dependent +forces on the same trapped ion motional modes. arXiv Preprint +arXiv:2307.04922. +https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.033038 + + + Quantized rotation of atoms from photons with +orbital angular momentum + Andersen + Physical review letters + 17 + 97 + 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.170406 + 2006 + Andersen, M., Ryu, C., Cladé, P., +Natarajan, V., Vaziri, A., Helmerson, K., & Phillips, W. D. (2006). +Quantized rotation of atoms from photons with orbital angular momentum. +Physical Review Letters, 97(17), 170406. +https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.170406 + + + Novel optical trap of atoms with a doughnut +beam + Kuga + Physical Review Letters + 25 + 78 + 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4713 + 1997 + Kuga, T., Torii, Y., Shiokawa, N., +Hirano, T., Shimizu, Y., & Sasada, H. (1997). Novel optical trap of +atoms with a doughnut beam. Physical Review Letters, 78(25), 4713. +https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4713 + + + Multi-focus two-photon polymerization +technique based on individually controlled phase +modulation + Obata + Optics express + 16 + 18 + 10.1364/OE.18.017193 + 2010 + Obata, K., Koch, J., Hinze, U., & +Chichkov, B. N. (2010). Multi-focus two-photon polymerization technique +based on individually controlled phase modulation. Optics Express, +18(16), 17193–17200. +https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.017193 + + + Measuring entanglement entropy in a quantum +many-body system + Islam + Nature + 7580 + 528 + 10.1038/nature15750 + 2015 + Islam, R., Ma, R., Preiss, P. M., +Eric Tai, M., Lukin, A., Rispoli, M., & Greiner, M. (2015). +Measuring entanglement entropy in a quantum many-body system. Nature, +528(7580), 77–83. +https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15750 + + + Production and use of a lenticular hartmann +screen + Shack + Spring meeting of optical society of america, +1971 + 656 + 10.1364/JOSA.61.000648 + 1971 + Shack, R. V. (1971). Production and +use of a lenticular hartmann screen. Spring Meeting of Optical Society +of America, 1971, 656. +https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSA.61.000648 + + + Shack–hartmann wavefront +sensors + Paschotta + 10.61835/jcv + Paschotta, R. Shack–hartmann +wavefront sensors. RP Photonics Encyclopedia; RP Photonics AG. +https://doi.org/10.61835/jcv + + + CuPy: A NumPy-compatible library for NVIDIA +GPU calculations + Okuta + Proceedings of workshop on machine learning +systems (LearningSys) in the thirty-first annual conference on neural +information processing systems (NIPS) + 2017 + Okuta, R., Unno, Y., Nishino, D., +Hido, S., & Loomis, C. (2017). CuPy: A NumPy-compatible library for +NVIDIA GPU calculations. Proceedings of Workshop on Machine Learning +Systems (LearningSys) in the Thirty-First Annual Conference on Neural +Information Processing Systems (NIPS). +http://learningsys.org/nips17/assets/papers/paper_16.pdf + + + Gradient-based optimization of +time-multiplexed binary computer-generated holograms by digital mirror +device + Yamamoto + Digital holography and three-dimensional +imaging + 10.1364/DH.2021.DTh7C.1 + 2021 + Yamamoto, K., & Ochiai, Y. +(2021). Gradient-based optimization of time-multiplexed binary +computer-generated holograms by digital mirror device. Digital +Holography and Three-Dimensional Imaging, DTh7C–1. +https://doi.org/10.1364/DH.2021.DTh7C.1 + + + Optical complex media as universal +reconfigurable linear operators + Matthès + Optica + 4 + 6 + 10.1364/OPTICA.6.000465 + 2019 + Matthès, M. W., Del Hougne, P., De +Rosny, J., Lerosey, G., & Popoff, S. M. (2019). Optical complex +media as universal reconfigurable linear operators. Optica, 6(4), +465–472. https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.6.000465 + + + A high-accuracy algorithm for designing +arbitrary holographic atom traps + Pasienski + Optics express + 3 + 16 + 10.1364/OE.16.002176 + 2008 + Pasienski, M., & DeMarco, B. +(2008). A high-accuracy algorithm for designing arbitrary holographic +atom traps. Optics Express, 16(3), 2176–2190. +https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.16.002176 + + + Preserving a qubit during state-destroying +operations on an adjacent qubit at a few micrometers +distance + Motlakunta + Nature Communications + 1 + 15 + 10.1038/s41467-024-50864-2 + 2041-1723 + 2024 + Motlakunta, S., Kotibhaskar, N., +Shih, C.-Y., Vogliano, A., McLaren, D., Hahn, L., Zhu, J., Hablützel, +R., & Islam, R. (2024). Preserving a qubit during state-destroying +operations on an adjacent qubit at a few micrometers distance. Nature +Communications, 15(1), 6575. +https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50864-2 + + + + + + diff --git a/joss.06315/10.21105.joss.06315.pdf b/joss.06315/10.21105.joss.06315.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..ab867e66a0 Binary files /dev/null and b/joss.06315/10.21105.joss.06315.pdf differ diff --git a/joss.06315/paper.jats/10.21105.joss.06315.jats b/joss.06315/paper.jats/10.21105.joss.06315.jats new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..09794de174 --- /dev/null +++ b/joss.06315/paper.jats/10.21105.joss.06315.jats @@ -0,0 +1,889 @@ + + +
+ + + + +Journal of Open Source Software +JOSS + +2475-9066 + +Open Journals + + + +6315 +10.21105/joss.06315 + +pySLM2: A full-stack python package for holographic beam +shaping + + + +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7561-6833 + +Shih +Chung-You + + +* + + +https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0699-8258 + +Zhu +Jingwen + + + + +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6483-8932 + +Islam +Rajibul + + + + + +Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics +and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, +Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada + + + + +* E-mail: + + +13 +8 +2017 + +9 +103 +6315 + +Authors of papers retain copyright and release the +work under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC +BY 4.0) +2024 +The article authors + +Authors of papers retain copyright and release the work under +a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY +4.0) + + + +Python +optics +trapped ions +physics +quantum information + + + + + + Summary +

Holographic beam shaping using spatial light modulators (SLMs) as a + reprogrammable hologram offers a powerful tool for precise and + flexible optical controls. It has been adopted for a wide range of + researches, including atom trapping + (Gaunt + & Hadzibabic, 2012), optical addressing of individual + quantum objects + (Motlakunta + et al., 2024), preparation of exotic quantum states + (Islam + et al., 2015), and multi-beam laser machining + (Obata + et al., 2010).

+

pySLM2 is a python package designed for + holographic beam shaping applications, encompassing hologram + generation, simulation, and hardware controls.

+

The package implements the hologram generation algorithms of the + Lee hologram + (Lee, + 1978) and its improved alternatives + (Shih + et al., 2021; + Zupancic + et al., 2016), specifically targeting the digital micromirror + device (DMD) based SLM with binary amplitude controls. It also + implements the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm + (Gerhberg + & Saxton, 1972) and its improved + alternatives(Gaunt + & Hadzibabic, 2012; + Pasienski + & DeMarco, 2008) suitable for liquid crystal on silicon + (LCoS) based SLMs with pure phase controls.

+

At its core, the package uses TensorFlow for + numerical computations. By leveraging + TensorFlow, the package harnesses the power of + GPUs for faster computation without the need for code modification. + This results in a significant speed-up for algorithms that are + computationally expensive but benefit from parallelization, such as + many hologram generation algorithms relying on iterative Fourier + transformations.

+

In addition to hologram generation, the package provides functions + to simulate beam profiles created by holograms, aiding users in + evaluating algorithm performance. It also includes a variety of + pre-defined optical profiles, such as Hermite-Gaussian, + Laguerre-Gaussian, super-Gaussian, and Zernike polynomials, enabling + users to construct target beam profiles with ease.

+

For hardware control, pySLM2 offers a unified application interface + (API) compatible with various SLMs, ensuring seamless adaptation of + code across different devices. Currently, the package supports DMD + controllers from two commercial vendors: Visitech, INC and ViALUX + GmbH.

+ + + Statement of need +

High-quality optical controls are crucial for numerous scientific + and engineering applications. For instance, in atom-based quantum + information processors, quantum states of individual atoms are often + manipulated by individually addressing laser beams. The quality of + these addressing beams directly impacts the fidelity of quantum + operations + (Motlakunta + et al., 2024).

+

Holographic beam shaping using SLMs provides a way for precise and + adaptive optical controls. Compared to using conventional optical + elements, holographic beam shaping has several advantages. Firstly, it + can generate arbitrary beam profiles that are challenging to create + with standard optical elements. For example, the Laguerre-Gaussian + beam with a non-zero azimuthal index (often referred to as a doughnut + beam), which can be used to trap atoms in a tube-like potential + (Kuga + et al., 1997), apply angular momentum to Bose-Einstein + Condensate + (Andersen + et al., 2006), or achieve super-resolution imaging + (Drechsler + et al., 2021; + Qian + et al., 2021).

+

Secondly, holographic beam shaping can actively correct cumulative + optical aberrations in the system arising from almost inevitable + causes, such as surface irregularities, misalignment, and imperfect + lens curvature, thereby achieving diffraction-limited performance at + the target image plane. This enables the faithful production of target + beam profiles with high accuracy, relieving the stringent requirements + on optics quality and alignment precision. It has been shown that + residual wavefront aberrations can be corrected to less than + + + λ/20 + root-mean-square (RMS) + (Shih + et al., 2021; + Zupancic + et al., 2016), which meets the Maréchal criteria (wavefront RMS + error < + + λ/14) + for optical performance.

+

At the time of writing, the pySLM2 package, + as detailed in this manuscript, has been used in the trapped ion + quantum information processing researches + (Kotibhaskar + et al., 2023; + Motlakunta + et al., 2024; + Shih + et al., 2021). The authors believe that the package will + benefit a broader community of researchers and engineers by offering + turnkey solutions for applying holographic beam shaping to their work. + Moreover, the primitives included in the package can assist + researchers in rapidly prototyping new hologram generation + algorithms.

+

There are existing open-source packages available that specialize + in different levels of holographic beam shaping with SLMs. For + example, + SLMLayout + is a package focusing on wavefront shaping with macropixel method + (Matthès + et al., 2019) with DMDs. + CGH-diff + offers Tensorflow scripts for an automatic + differentiation-based algorithm + (Yamamoto + & Ochiai, 2021) for DMD hologram generation. + slmsuite + offers a comprehensive suite of hologram algorithms tailored for + phase-only Spatial Light Modulators (SLMs), supported by GPU + acceleration via CuPy + (Okuta + et al., 2017), and includes hardware control capabilities for + Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) SLMs.

+

pySLM2 implements hologram generation + algorithms and primitives leveraging TensorFlow + for GPU acceleration. Some algorithms, including the algorithms used + in authors’ prior + works(Motlakunta + et al., 2024; + Shih + et al., 2021) in the field of quantum information processing, + are only available in pySLM2 at the time of + writing. In terms of hardware controls, pySLM2 + offers a unified API for programming DMDs from different vendors.

+

We hope that the addition of pySLM2 to the + community will facilitate researchers in applying Fourier holographic + beam shaping ideas on various machines with fewer hardware + hurdles.

+ + + Fourier Holography Basics +

pySLM2 is designed for holographic beam + shaping using Fourier holography. The name “Fourier” comes from the + fact that the electric fields of the beam at the hologram plane and + the target plane are related by a Fourier transformation.

+

In a paraxial lens system, the lens act as a Fourier transform + operator mapping the electric field in one focal plane to the electric + field in the another focal plane. In the context of Fourier + Holography, the two focal planes are referred as the image plane (IP) + and the Fourier plane (FP). The electric fields at the two planes, + + + EIP(𝐱′) + and + + EFP(𝐱) + respectively, are related by the following equation:

+

+ + EFP(𝐱)eiΦab=λf2πℱ[EIP(𝐱′)](𝐤′)|𝐤′=2πλf𝐱 + In which, + + 𝐱′ + and + + 𝐤′ + denote the spatial coordinate and the wave vector at the image plane + respectively, and + + ℱ + denotes Fourier transformation. The wave vector + + + 𝐤′ + is related to the spatial coordinate + + 𝐱 + at FP by + + 𝐱=λf2π𝐤′ + where + + f + is the effective focal length of lens and + + + λ + is the wavelength of the light.

+

The aberrations of the optical system can be modeled as a phase map + + + Φab + in the Fourier plane. In pySLM2’s convention, + the plane SLM is placed is Fourier plane, and the image plane is where + the targeted beam profile is desired. The SLM modulates the beam at + Fourier plane to engineer the desired beam profiles at the image + plane.

+ + + Hologram Generation Algorithm +

Currently, pySLM2 supports two type of the + spatial light modulator (SLM), liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) SLM + and digital micromirror device (DMD). The LCoS SLM modulates the phase + profile purely without modifying the amplitude. As the time of + writing, Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) + (Gerhberg + & Saxton, 1972) algorithm and the mixed-region amplitude + freedom (MRAF) algorithm + (Gaunt + & Hadzibabic, 2012; + Pasienski + & DeMarco, 2008) are included.

+

On the other hand, DMDs use micromirrors to locally turn on and off + the light by toggling the micromirrors between two directions. This + allows binary amplitude control. By periodically turning on and off + the micromirrors across the DMD to form grating patterns, diffracted + beams with controllable phase and amplitude can be engineered to have + the desired beam profiles. As the time of writing, a randomized + algorithm + (Zupancic + et al., 2016) and an iterative Fourier transformation algorithm + (Motlakunta + et al., 2024; + Shih + et al., 2021) are provided for hologram generation.

+ + + Usages +

pySLM2 offers commonly used optics profiles + right out of the box, including Hermite Gaussian, Laguerre Gaussian, + super Gaussian (also known as “flat top”), and Zernike polynomials. + These profiles are implemented as functional objects, and + pySLM2 automatically handles the profile + sampling during hologram calculations.

+

For profiles that are not included by default, users have the + option to either inherit from the base class and implement their + custom profiles or generate the sampled profiles in an array format to + pass them to the hologram calculation function. As illustrated in Fig. + [fig:lg], here’s an + example of creating a hologram to generate a Laguerre Gaussian beam + with a mode of + + l=1, + + + p=0, + which often referred to as a “doughnut beam”, from the fundamental + Gaussian mode. Unless specified, the simulation shown in this paper is + simulated with the following conditions: + + + λ=369nm + wavelength, + + f=200mm + Fourier lens focal length, and with Texas Instrument DLP9500 as the + SLM ( + + 1px=10μm + micromirror size).

+ +

Hologram simulation for creating Laguerre Gaussian beam + of + + l=1, + + + p=0 + mode from fundamental mode. (a) DMD mirror configuration. Bright + pixels represent “on” and dark pixels represent “off”. (b) Intensity + profile of input fundamental Gaussian beam. (c) Intensity profile of + the output Laguerre ( + + l=1, + + + p=0) + Gaussian beam at the image plane. (d) Phase map of the output beam. + An optical vortex can be observed at the center of the Laguerre + + + l=1, + + + p=0 + mode (Source code: + examples/create_donut_beam.py)

+ + +

The arithmetic operations of the profiles are also overloaded, so + one can easily combine different profiles through addition or rescale + the profiles through multiplication. Shown in Fig. + [fig:multi], we + create a hologram to generate two Gaussian beams. In the source code, + it is written as adding two Gaussian profiles together at different + positions.

+ +

Hologram simulation for creating two Gaussian beams from + one input Gaussian beam. (a) DMD mirror configuration. Bright pixels + represent “on” and dark pixels represent “off”. (b) Intensity + profile of input single Gaussian beam. (c) Intensity profile of the + two output Gaussian beams at the image plane. (d) Phase map of the + output beam. An example of two Gaussian beams having opposite phases + is shown. (Source code: + examples/create_donut_beam.py) +

+ + + + Aberration Correction +

One of the key advantages of holographic beam shaping is its + capability to correct optical aberrations, and + pySLM2 provides an easy method to achieve + this correction. By supplying the aberration information during the + hologram calculation, pySLM2 generates a + hologram imprinted with a phase profile opposite to the aberration, + effectively canceling the aberration out.

+

In the example depicted in + [fig:aberration], + we simulate the beam profile at the image plane both with and + without aberration correction. Without aberration correction, the + beam profile becomes distorted and broadened. In this particular + simulation, spherical aberration is used, but + pySLM2 is capable of correcting other types + of aberrations as well.

+ +

Simulation of the beam profiles at the image plane + with and without aberration correction. (a) Phase map of the input + beam with + + ℤ40 + spherical aberration. (b) Intensity profile of the input beam. (c) + Intensity profile of the first order beam without aberration + correction. (d) Intensity profile of the first order beam with + aberration correction. (Source code: + examples/aberration_correction.py) +

+ + +

To obtain the phase map of the aberration, one can either use a + wavefront sensor, such as a Shack–Hartmann sensor + (Paschotta; + Shack, + 1971), to measure the wavefront, or one can allow light from + different parts of the Fourier plane to interfere with each other to + reconstruct the aberration phase profile from the resulting + interference patterns. For a detailed description of the latter + method, one can refer to Shih et al. + (Shih + et al., 2021).

+ + + Hardware Controls +

pySLM2 provides hardware controls for DMD + controllers from both Visitech, INC and ViALUX GmbH. The controllers + from these two companies use different communication protocols and + architectures. The Visitech controller uses UDP over Ethernet, while + the ViALUX controller uses USB3.

+

One of the goals of pySLM2 is to abstract + the hardware details and offer a unified application interface for + interacting with these devices. For instance, we have implemented + the same load_single and + load_multiple functions within the controller + classes for both manufacturers’ devices. These functions allow for + the display of single holograms or the loading of multiple holograms + that can be switched by triggers. Apart from the hardware-agnostic + functions, it also exposed the lower-level access for advanced users + to implement device specific controls.

+

As of the current writing, the package’s hardware support is + limited to DMD controllers. For users interested in using LCoS-SLM, + open-source tools such as + slmsuite + and + slmPy + are available options.

+ + + + Author Contributions +

C.-Y.S. designed and implemented the package. J.Z. contributed to + implementing the hardware controls and performance benchmarking. R.I. + advised on the scientific aspects of the package. All authors + contributed to writing the manuscript and documenting the package.

+ + + Acknowledgements +

The hardware controls for the DMDs from ViALUX GmbH in the package + is built on top of the AL4lib + (Popoff + et al., 2022). We appreciate the work of the authors of + AL4lib. We express gratitude to Kaleb Ruscitti + for assisting with hardware testing and to Sainath Motlakunta and + Nikhil Kotibhaskar for providing valuable feedback on the package.

+

We acknowledge financial support from the Natural Sciences and + Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery program + (RGPIN-2018-05250) and the Institute for Quantum Computing for this + work.

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