When.js is cujoJS's lightweight Promises/A+ and when() implementation that powers the async core of wire.js, cujoJS's IOC Container. It features:
- A rock solid, battle-tested Promise implementation
- Resolving, settling, mapping, and reducing arrays of promises
- Executing tasks in parallel and sequence
- Transforming Node-style and other callback-based APIs into promise-based APIs
It passes the Promises/A+ Test Suite, is very fast and compact, and has no external dependencies.
Availble as when through bower and yeoman, or just clone the repo and load when.js from the root. When.js is AMD-compatible out of the box, so no need for shims.
npm install when
More help & other environments »
Promises can be used to help manage complex and/or nested callback flows in a simple manner. To get a better handle on how promise flows look and how they can be helpful, there are a couple examples below (using commonjs).
This first example will print "hello world!!!!" if all went well, or "drat!" if there was a problem. It also uses rest to make an ajax request to a (fictional) external service.
var rest = require('rest');
fetchRemoteGreeting()
.then(addExclamation)
.catch(handleError)
.done(function(greeting) {
console.log(greeting);
});
function fetchRemoteGreeting() {
// returns a when.js promise for 'hello world'
return rest('http://example.com/greeting');
}
function addExclamation(greeting) {
return greeting + '!!!!'
}
function handleError(e) {
return 'drat!';
}The second example shows off the power that comes with when's promise logic. Here, we get an array of numbers from a remote source and reduce them. The example will print 150 if all went well, and if there was a problem will print a full stack trace.
var when = require('when');
var rest = require('rest');
when.reduce(when.map(getRemoteNumberList(), times10), sum)
.done(function(result) {
console.log(result);
});
function getRemoteNumberList() {
// Get a remote array [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
return rest('http://example.com/numbers').then(JSON.parse);
}
function sum(x, y) { return x + y; }
function times10(x) {return x * 10; }- For more examples, see examples »
- For the full documentation see api docs »
Licensed under MIT. See the license here »
Please see the contributing guide for more information on running tests, opening issues, and contributing code to the project.
Much of this code was inspired by the async innards of wire.js, and has been influenced by the great work in Q, Dojo's Deferred, and uber.js.