The Hindmarsh Rose model is a simplified point cell model which captures complex firing patterns of single neurons, such as periodic and chaotic bursting.
It has a fast spiking subsystem, which is a generalization of the Fitzhugh-Nagumo system, coupled to a slower subsystem which allows the model to fire bursts.
The dynamical variables x,y,z correspond to the membrane potential, a recovery variable, and a slower adaptation current, respectively.
This model firstly appeared in: Hindmarsh J. L., and Rose R. M. (1984) A model of neuronal bursting using three coupled first order differential equations. Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B 221:87–102.