Git-Cheatsheet

A Cheatsheet for Git

Fundamentals

Term	Description
Working Tree	Directory where modifications are made
HEAD	Symbolic Reference to the most current checked out commit - can be detached so it points to another commit
Index(Staging Area)	This is where commits will be prepared
Repository	Different states of files will be tracked inside the Repository

Commands

Command	Description
git config --global user.name "Max Mustermann"	Configure global username
git config --global user.email "[email protected]"	Configure global email adress
git config -l	show all configurations for current repo
git config alias.<alias-name> <alias>	create a alias
git config --global alias.<alias-name> `config --global`	create alias with parameters
git config color.ui auto	set color options to automatic mode
git init example	initalise git repository
git status	show current repository status
git add file	add file to the staging area
git add .	add all changes made to the staging area
git add --p	git will ask you which files/parts of these files you want to add to the staging area
git commit -m "First Commit"	Commit changes to current branch
git commit --amend	Repair commit (SHA-1 Hash will change)
git show	show last commit message etc.
git show HEAD	show newest commit
git show master	show latest commit of branch master
git show 77cc0045	show commit with hash 77cc0045
git log	show all commits
git diff	show difference between working tree, staging area and repo
git diff --staging	show difference between staging area and repo
git reset A.txt	Removes file from staging area
git reset HEAD	reset the staging area
git reset --p	git will ask you which files you want to remove from the staging area
git reset HEAD~3	resets current branch to HEAD - 3 Commit
git revert COMMIT_HASH	reverts to old state by creating a new commit
git branch BRANCHNAME	creates a new branch named BRANCHNAME
git checkout BRANCHNAME	moving to a branch with the name BRANCHNAME
git checkout COMMIT_HASH	detach HEAD and move it to the commit with the hash COMMIT_HASH
git checkout main^	moves head to previous commit
git checkout main^2	if current commit is merge commit it checks out the second one
git rebase BRANCHNAME	rebasing the current branch to BRANCHNAME
git rebase -i HEAD~4	start an interactive rebase to change the last 4 commits
git checkout HEAD^	moves HEAD one commit back in time
git checkout HEAD~	moves HEAD to previous commit
git branch -f main HEAD~3	moves branch to HEAD - 3 Commit
git cherry-pick HASH1 HASH2 ...	pick all the commits and apply them to the current branch
git tag v1 COMMIT_HASH	append tag v1 to commit with hash COMMIT_HASH
git describe TAGNAME	shows you how many commit are between you and the tag with name TAGNAME (v2_1_gC4) -> (NEXT-TAG_NUMBEROFCOMMITS_COMMITHASH)
git checkout -b not_main origin/main	creates a local branch not_main that tracks the remote branch main
git branch -u origin/main foo	let foo track remote branch origin/main so push and pull operate on it
git fetch	moves changes to local remote tracking branch
git pull	fetches all changes and merges them in corresponding local branch
get pull --rebase	fetches all changes and rebases them before on the current branch commits
git push origin main	pushes all changes from main to origin main
git push origin SOURCE:DESTINATION	pushes all changes from local SOURCE to remote DESTINATION on origin
git push origin main^:foo	pushes all changes from local main - 1 commit to remote foo on origin

Files

Filename	Description
~/.gitconfig	Configuration for all repositories - global
/etc/gitconfig	system wide configurations

... to be continued.

Update Tags

git tag -l | xargs git tag -d

git fetch --tags