feat(c/driver/sqlite): Support binding dictionary-encoded string and binary types

[paleolimbot]

This PR adds the ability to ingest dictionary-encoded string and binary columns.

Part of addressing #1008.

From the R bindings:

library(adbcdrivermanager)

db <- adbc_database_init(adbcsqlite::adbcsqlite(), uri = ":memory:")
con <- adbc_connection_init(db)

df <- data.frame(x = factor(letters[1:10]))
write_adbc(df, con, "tbl")

read_adbc(con, "SELECT * from tbl") |> 
  as.data.frame()  
#>    x
#> 1  a
#> 2  b
#> 3  c
#> 4  d
#> 5  e
#> 6  f
#> 7  g
#> 8  h
#> 9  i
#> 10 j

^{Created on 2023-10-25 with reprex v2.0.2}