WIP: [python-package] support Python 3.13

.ci/test-windows.ps1

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ if ($env:TASK -eq "swig") {
 conda init powershell
 conda activate
 conda config --set always_yes yes --set changeps1 no
-conda update -q -y conda "python=$env:PYTHON_VERSION[build=*cpython]"
+conda update -q -y conda "python=$env:PYTHON_VERSION=*_cp*"
 
 if ($env:PYTHON_VERSION -eq "3.7") {
   $env:CONDA_REQUIREMENT_FILE = "$env:BUILD_SOURCESDIRECTORY/.ci/conda-envs/ci-core-py37.txt"
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ conda create `
   -y `
   -n $env:CONDA_ENV `
   --file $env:CONDA_REQUIREMENT_FILE `
-  "python=$env:PYTHON_VERSION[build=*cpython]" ; Check-Output $?
+  "python=$env:PYTHON_VERSION=*_cp*" ; Check-Output $?
 
 if ($env:TASK -ne "bdist") {
   conda activate $env:CONDA_ENV

.ci/test.sh

@@ -64,8 +64,9 @@ if [[ "$TASK" == "cpp-tests" ]]; then
     exit 0
 fi
 
-# including python=version[build=*cpython] to ensure that conda doesn't fall back to pypy
-CONDA_PYTHON_REQUIREMENT="python=${PYTHON_VERSION}[build=*cpython]"
+# including python=version=*_cp* to ensure that conda prefers CPython and doesn't fall back to
+# other implementations like pypy
+CONDA_PYTHON_REQUIREMENT="python=${PYTHON_VERSION}=*_cp*"
 
 if [[ $TASK == "if-else" ]]; then
     conda create -q -y -n "${CONDA_ENV}" "${CONDA_PYTHON_REQUIREMENT}" numpy

.github/workflows/cuda.yml

@@ -81,19 +81,19 @@ jobs:
         include:
           - method: wheel
             compiler: gcc
-            python_version: "3.10"
+            python_version: "3.11"
             cuda_version: "12.6.1"
             linux_version: "ubuntu22.04"
             task: cuda
           - method: source
             compiler: gcc
-            python_version: "3.12"
+            python_version: "3.13"
             cuda_version: "12.2.2"
             linux_version: "ubuntu22.04"
             task: cuda
           - method: pip
             compiler: clang
-            python_version: "3.11"
+            python_version: "3.12"
             cuda_version: "11.8.0"
             linux_version: "ubuntu20.04"
             task: cuda

.github/workflows/linkchecker.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ on:
 env:
   COMPILER: gcc
   OS_NAME: 'linux'
-  PYTHON_VERSION: '3.12'
+  PYTHON_VERSION: '3.13'
   TASK: 'check-links'
 
 jobs:

.github/workflows/python_package.yml

@@ -28,32 +28,32 @@ jobs:
         include:
           - os: macos-13
             task: regular
-            python_version: '3.10'
+            python_version: '3.11'
           - os: macos-13
             task: sdist
-            python_version: '3.11'
+            python_version: '3.12'
           - os: macos-13
             task: bdist
-            python_version: '3.8'
+            python_version: '3.9'
           - os: macos-13
             task: if-else
-            python_version: '3.9'
+            python_version: '3.10'
           - os: macos-14
             task: bdist
             method: wheel
-            python_version: '3.10'
+            python_version: '3.11'
           - os: macos-13
             task: mpi
             method: source
-            python_version: '3.11'
+            python_version: '3.12'
           - os: macos-13
             task: mpi
             method: pip
-            python_version: '3.12'
+            python_version: '3.13'
           - os: macos-13
             task: mpi
             method: wheel
-            python_version: '3.9'
+            python_version: '3.10'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -113,12 +113,19 @@ jobs:
             --rm \
             -v $(pwd):/opt/lgb-build \
             -w /opt/lgb-build \
-            python:3.12 \
+            python:3.13 \
             /bin/bash ./.ci/test-python-latest.sh
-  test-oldest-versions:
+  test-old-versions:
     name: Python - oldest supported versions (ubuntu-latest)
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 60
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        # end-of-life Python versions
+        python_version:
+          - 3.7
+          - 3.8
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -140,12 +147,12 @@ jobs:
             --rm \
             -v $(pwd):/opt/lgb-build \
             -w /opt/lgb-build \
-            python:3.7 \
+            python:${{ matrix.python_version }} \
             /bin/bash ./.ci/test-python-oldest.sh
   all-python-package-jobs-successful:
     if: always()
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: [test, test-latest-versions, test-oldest-versions]
+    needs: [test, test-latest-versions, test-old-versions]
     steps:
     - name: Note that all tests succeeded
       uses: re-actors/[email protected]

.github/workflows/static_analysis.yml

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ env:
   COMPILER: 'gcc'
   MAKEFLAGS: '-j4'
   OS_NAME: 'linux'
-  PYTHON_VERSION: '3.12'
+  PYTHON_VERSION: '3.13'
 
 jobs:
   test:

.vsts-ci.yml

@@ -92,19 +92,19 @@ jobs:
     matrix:
       regular:
         TASK: regular
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.10'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.11'
       sdist:
         TASK: sdist
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.8'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.9'
       bdist:
         TASK: bdist
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.9'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.10'
       inference:
         TASK: if-else
       mpi_source:
         TASK: mpi
         METHOD: source
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.9'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.10'
       gpu_source:
         TASK: gpu
         METHOD: source
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ jobs:
         TASK: sdist
       bdist:
         TASK: bdist
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.10'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.11'
       inference:
         TASK: if-else
       mpi_source:
@@ -166,23 +166,23 @@ jobs:
       mpi_pip:
         TASK: mpi
         METHOD: pip
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.11'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.12'
       mpi_wheel:
         TASK: mpi
         METHOD: wheel
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.9'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.10'
       gpu_source:
         TASK: gpu
         METHOD: source
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.11'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.12'
       gpu_pip:
         TASK: gpu
         METHOD: pip
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.10'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.11'
       gpu_wheel:
         TASK: gpu
         METHOD: wheel
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.9'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.10'
       cpp_tests:
         TASK: cpp-tests
         METHOD: with-sanitizers
@@ -291,10 +291,10 @@ jobs:
     matrix:
       regular:
         TASK: regular
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.10'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.11'
       sdist:
         TASK: sdist
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.9'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.10'
       bdist:
         TASK: bdist
       swig:
@@ -339,10 +339,10 @@ jobs:
     matrix:
       regular:
         TASK: regular
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.10'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.11'
       sdist:
         TASK: sdist
-        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.9'
+        PYTHON_VERSION: '3.10'
       bdist:
         TASK: bdist
       swig:

docs/env.yml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ channels:
   - conda-forge
 dependencies:
   - breathe>=4.35
-  - python=3.10
+  - python=3.11
   - r-base=4.3.2
   - r-data.table=1.14.10
   - r-jsonlite=1.8.8

python-package/pyproject.toml

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ classifiers = [
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
     "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Artificial Intelligence"
 ]
 dependencies = [